Kurs uvádějící do problematiky buněčné biologie a biochemie s cílem vysvětlit základní mechanismu fungování živých soustav. Důraz je kladen na pochopení mechanismů, propojení molekulární úrovně s buněčnou. Součástí kursu je pochopení základů centrálního dogmatu molekulární genetiky s kompartmentalizací buněčných pochodů a funkcí, včetně aspektu metabolického. Systematicky budou probrány jednotlivé typy biomolekul, ve vazbě na buněčnou fyziologii. Součástí kursu je srovnání typických rysu buňky prokaryotické a eukaryotické, dále kontext anabolismu a katabolismu včetně mechanismů udržování buněčné komplexity.
Poslední úprava: Černý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (20.03.2019)
The course combines cell biology and biochemistry, covering the basic principles of living systems. It emphasizes understanding of the underlying mechanisms, linking the molecular level to the cellular. It includes the central dogma of molecular genetics, compartmentalization of cell processes and functions, cell metabolism etc. Individual types of biomolecules will be systematically discussed in the context of cell physiology. The course also addresses typical features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and maintaining cellular complexity.
Poslední úprava: Libusová Lenka, RNDr., Ph.D. (06.06.2019)
Literatura -
Molecular Biology of the Cell Seventh Edition by Bruce Alber, ISBN-13: 978-0393884821, ISBN-10: 0393884821, W. W. Norton & Company; Seventh edition 2022.
Molecular Biology of the Cell Sixth Edition by Bruce Alberts (Author), Alexander Johnson, ISBN-13: 978-0815345244, ISBN-10: 0815345240, W. W. Norton & Company; 2014.
Cell Biology 3rd Edition by Thomas D. Pollard MD, Elsevier, 2016.
Molecular Cell Biology, Ninth Edition| Harvey Lodish; Arnold Berk; Chris A. Kaiser; Monty Krieger; Anthony Bretscher; Hidde Ploegh; Kelsey C. Martin; Michael Yaffe; Angelika Amon, ISBN-13: 978-1319208523, ISBN-10: 1319208525, 2021.
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry By: David L. Nelson; Michael M. Cox, Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Company, ISBN-13:978-1319228002ISBN-10:1319228003e, Edition: 8th, 2021.
Biochemistry. Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer Hardcover – ISBN-10 : 1429276355ISBN-13:978-1429276351 , Palgrave MacMillan; 7th edition 201
Poslední úprava: Šebková Nataša, RNDr., Ph.D. (31.05.2022)
Molecular Biology of the Cell Seventh Edition by Bruce Alber, ISBN-13: 978-0393884821, ISBN-10: 0393884821, W. W. Norton & Company; Seventh edition 2022.
Molecular Biology of the Cell Sixth Edition by Bruce Alberts (Author), Alexander Johnson, ISBN-13: 978-0815345244, ISBN-10: 0815345240, W. W. Norton & Company; 2014.
Cell Biology 3rd Edition by Thomas D. Pollard MD, Elsevier, 2016.
Molecular Cell Biology, Ninth Edition| Harvey Lodish; Arnold Berk; Chris A. Kaiser; Monty Krieger; Anthony Bretscher; Hidde Ploegh; Kelsey C. Martin; Michael Yaffe; Angelika Amon, ISBN-13: 978-1319208523, ISBN-10: 1319208525, 2021.
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry By: David L. Nelson; Michael M. Cox, Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Company, ISBN-13: 978-1319228002ISBN-10: 1319228003e, Edition: 8th, 2021.
Biochemistry. Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer Hardcover – ISBN-10 : 1429276355ISBN-13:978-1429276351 , Palgrave MacMillan; 7th edition 201
Poslední úprava: Šebková Nataša, RNDr., Ph.D. (31.05.2022)
Požadavky ke zkoušce -
Písemná či ústní zkouška pokrývající probraná témata.
Poslední úprava: Libusová Lenka, RNDr., Ph.D. (23.09.2025)
Examination Requirements A written or oral exam covering the topics of the syllabus.
Poslední úprava: Libusová Lenka, RNDr., Ph.D. (23.09.2025)
Sylabus - angličtina
1 WATER AND BIOMOLECULES Water and its properties important for life. The nature of the hydrophobic effect. The main types of biomolecules. Acid-base reactions of biomolecules. Amino acids. Characteristics of amino acids in proteins. Chirality of biomolecules.
2 PROTEIN STRUCTURES Covalent structure of proteins. Secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures. Forces determining the stability of protein structures. Protein folding, hydrophobic collapse. Disordered, fibrillar and globular proteins. The role of chaperones. Hyperstable conformation – prion protein.
3 PROTEIN FUNCTIONS Binding of ligands to proteins – models. Cooperativity and allostery. Catalysis – principles and basic mechanisms. Properties of enzymes which are important for life. Regulatory principles of enzymatic reactions.
4 CELL - introduction Overall structure, compartments, individual organelles and their function. Prokaryotic versus eukaryotic cells, types of eukaryotic cells.
5 BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES Structure, properties, function. Transport across membranes - diffusion, transport mechanisms, carriers and channels. Membrane organelles - endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes, vacuoles. Intracellular membrane transport, endo- and exocytosis.
6 CENTRAL DOGMA: FROM GENE TO PROTEIN Overview of nucleic acids - structure, types, functions, localization. Replication, transcription, regulation of gene expression. Translation - mechanisms, ribosomes, post-translational modifications of proteins.
7 METABOLISM - introduction The sustainability of life. Exo- and endergonic reactions and their coupling. Macroergic compounds. Redox reactions, coenzymes. Glycolysis – principles and regulation. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Citric acid cycle.
8 ENERGY TRANSDUCTION ON MEMBRANES Mitochondria. The electron transport chain. Oxidative phosphorylation. Chloroplasts. Photosynthesis. Types of photosystems and their integration. Principles common to the mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transfer processes.
9 CYTOSKELETON Microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments. Structural components, dynamics, role in cells. Molecular motors. Intracellular and cellular motility. Flagella/cilia, muscles.
10 CELLULAR ADHESION and ECM Structure and importance of cellular junctions. Extracellular matrix - structural components, role.
11 CELL SIGNALING Type of signals. Receptors - types and mechanisms of signal transmission. Intracellular messengers. Regulation and connection of signaling cascades.
12 CELL CYCLE Phases, regulation, importance in multicellular organisms. Nuclear division - phases, mechanism, control. Cytokinesis in different cell types. Apoptosis.
Poslední úprava: Libusová Lenka, RNDr., Ph.D. (31.10.2025)
