Xenobiochemie studuje metabolické přeměny látek, které jsou organismům cizí, zvláště léků a kontaminantů životního prostředí. Vysvětluje příčiny farmakologických a toxikologických následků jejich přítomnosti v živém organismu. V předmětu xenobiochemie získají studenti základní znalosti o metabolismu xenobiotik v organismu, o biotransformačních enzymech a transportních systémech a o faktorech ovlivňujících metabolismus xenobiotik.
Poslední úprava: Wsól Vladimír, prof. Ing., Ph.D. (16.09.2024)
Xenobiochemistry provides the basics necessary for understanding of xenobiotic metabolism, especially drugs and contaminants of environment. It explains the causes of the pharmacological and toxicological consequences of their presence in the living organism. In the subject Xenobiochemistry, the students gain basic knowledge on the metabolism of xenobiotics in the organism, biotransformation enzymes and transport systems and factors influencing the metabolism of xenobiotics.
Poslední úprava: Wsól Vladimír, prof. Ing., Ph.D. (16.09.2024)
Podmínky zakončení předmětu - angličtina
Before the planned exam, it is necessary to obtain credit, by successfully defending the seminar work, which must be registered in the SIS. The exam is only oral. Detailed information is always in folders on the web for the subject.
Poslední úprava: Wsól Vladimír, prof. Ing., Ph.D. (16.09.2024)
Literatura
Povinná:
Gibson, G. Gordon Skett, Paul. Introduction to drug metabolism. Cheltenham, UK: Nelson Thornes Publishers, 2001, 256 s. ISBN 0-7487-6011-3.
Poslední úprava: prepocet_literatura.php (19.09.2024)
Sylabus -
1) Metabolismus xenobiotik
Úvod, 1. fáze metabolismu (oxidace, redukce, hydrolýza, hydratace), 2. fáze metabolismu (konjugace s cukry, sulfatace, metylace, acetylace, konjugace s aminokyselinami, konjugace s glutationem, konjugace s mastnými kyselinami)
2) Enzymologie and molekulární mechanismy of metabolických reakcí
Introduction, induction of drug metabolism in experimental animals and man, molecular mechanisms of induction, molecular mechanisms of inhibition
Factors affecting drug metabolism: Internal factors
Introduction, species differences, genetic differences, age, hormonal control of drug metabolism, the effect of disease
Factors affecting drug metabolism: External factors
Dietary factors, environmental factors
The clinical relevance of drug metabolism
Introduction, Pharmacokinetics, Methods for studying drug metabolism in man, clinical relevance of drug metabolism
Seminars
PowerPoint presentation of seminar work of students (one chosen clinically relevant enzyme for each student)
Poslední úprava: Wsól Vladimír, prof. Ing., Ph.D. (16.09.2024)
Výsledky učení - angličtina
The course Xenobiochemistry builds upon the knowledge and skills acquired in the course General Biochemistry. After completing the course, students are able to explain the following terms (including their commonly used abbreviations): xenobiotics, xenobiotic metabolism in the organism, Phase I and Phase II of biotransformation, oxidation, reduction, and hydrolytic reactions, conjugation reactions, microsomal and cytosolic enzymes, DME (drug-metabolizing enzymes), biotransformation enzymes (CYP, FMO, AKR, SDR, UGT, GST, SULT, NAT, MT), xenobiotic transport systems (ABC, OATP, SLC, MATE), and factors influencing xenobiotic metabolism (intra-individual and inter-individual), induction and inhibition of DME, and genetic polymorphism.
Learning Outcomes Based on the acquired knowledge and skills, students are able to:
Define xenobiotics, their toxicity, and their fate in the organism, including Phase I and II biotransformation;
Describe drug biotransformation studies and recommend and explain the use of various model systems;
Classify biotransformation enzymes according to the reactions they catalyze;
Discuss the significance of the regulation (induction, inhibition) of biotransformation enzymes in humans;
Explain the role of nuclear receptors in the regulation of DME activity using examples;
Evaluate the importance of xenobiotic transporters in drug resistance;
Distinguish different factors affecting xenobiotic metabolism;
Assess the significance of the induction and inhibition of biotransformation enzymes in drug interactions and provide specific examples.
Poslední úprava: Wsól Vladimír, prof. Ing., Ph.D. (12.06.2025)