Biology I - FG10006

• Anglický název: Biology I
• Zajišťuje: Ústav lékařské biologie a genetiky (15-120)
• Fakulta: Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové
• Platnost: od 2019
• Semestr: letní
• Body: 0
• E-Kredity: 4
• Způsob provedení zkoušky: letní s.:
• Rozsah, examinace: letní s.:16/33, Z [HS]
• Počet míst: neomezen
• Minimální obsazenost: neomezen
• 4EU+: ne
• Virtuální mobilita / počet míst pro virtuální mobilitu: ne
• Stav předmětu: vyučován
• Jazyk výuky: angličtina
• Způsob výuky: prezenční
• Garant: prof. PharmDr. Emil Rudolf, Ph.D.
• Neslučitelnost : FV10006
• Záměnnost : FA0102035, FA0102045, FV10006
• Je neslučitelnost pro: FV10006, FVP006
• Je prerekvizitou pro: FG10012, FG50033
• Je záměnnost pro: FVP006, FV10006
• Ve slož. prerekvizitě: FGP025, FGP026, FGP027, FGP028, FGP029, FGP030, FGP031, FGP032, FGP033, FGP034, FGP035, FGP036, FG10024, FG10025, FG10026, FG10027, FG10028, FG10029, FG10030, FG10033, FG10035, FG10074, FG10076, FG10077, FG10078, FG10079, FG10080, FG10089, FG10097, FV111

Anotace

čeština

Definice života - organizace živých soustav, modelování v biomedicíně. Buněčná teorie - buňky prokaryontní a eukaryontní, mikroskopické techniky. Základní stavební prvky buněk, struktura a funkce nukleových kyselin. Jádro, chromozómy - mikrostruktura, makrostruktura. Syntéza DNA. Realizace genetické informace, transkripce a posttranskripční modifikace. Buněčné membrány - stavba a funkce, transport látek přes membrány, fúze biomembrán, princip kompartmentace. Endoplazmatické retikulum - stavba a funkce, Golgiho komplex. Mitochondrie - stavba a funkce, tvorba ATP, chemiosmotická teorie. Cytoskelet (mikrotubuly, mikrofilamenta, střední filamenta. Reprodukce buněk (mitóza). Pěstování buněk a tkání in vitro, využití v medicíně. Principy signalizací u prokaryotních a eukaryotních buněk. Stresové odpovědi - buněčná smrt.

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

angličtina

Definition of life, organisation of living systems. Molecules in cells, structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids. Cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cell nucleus, organisation of DNA, chromosomes. DNA replication and repair. Transcription and translation of genetic information, RNA processing, posttranslational modification. The cellular membranes - structure and function, transport across biomembranes, cell membrane fusion. The endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus. The mitochondrion, production of ATP. The cytoskeleton. Regulation of cellular functions - principles of cell signaling.Interaction of cells with the environment. Cell death, necrosis, apoptosis.

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

Cíl předmětu

Outputs (outcomes) of the subject Biology I:

• the student acquires knowledge (basic facts, mechanisms, methodologies) concerning biology of human cells at cellular, subcellular and molecular levels
• the student will be able to integrate the mentioned knowledge into higher cellular levels (tissue, organ, organism)
• the student will learn about the structure and types of scientific information, she/he will further learn about their specific search, evaluation and use in biomedical scientific as well as clinical work
• the student will acquire theoretical background and practical skills in basic microscopic techniques used in studies of living systems

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

Literatura

čeština

Compulsory literature

• Study materials provided by department – MOODLE (presentations, e-learning courses, and other suggested sources)
• Alberts, B.: Essential Cell Biology. 6^th ed., 2023

 

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

Požadavky ke zkoušce

REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT

I. General – attendance and conduct code in the classes

• Attendance at practical classes is mandatory.
• Classes begin at 8.00 or 11.20 a.m. Students are required to be ready 5 min before the class.
• Each student is allowed one absence (medically or otherwise relevantly excused).
• Medical excuse or any other valid official reason must be presented within max. 48 h from the missed class. More absences might constitute reason for course failure and need to be solved individually.
• In case of two or more unexcused absences, the credit will not be granted.

       Practical classroom

• All student clothes, boots, handbags etc. are to be stored outside the classroom in the facility lockers.
• A dry pair of shoes (not boots) for indoor wearing is needed.
• White lab coats must be worn during the practical class.
• The use any electronic devices (cell phones, tablets, laptops, recorders etc.) in the practical classes is subject to permission by course instructors.
• No eating, drinking, smoking or chewing in the laboratory classroom at any time including bringing water bottles or other food (drink) containers in the practical classroom
• The clean-up procedure and hygienic measures for the practical will be explained at the beginning of the practical.

II. Knowledge

• All students are to sit ten written progress tests (7 paper tests and 3 electronic (Moodle) tests) as specified in the syllabus. Each test is allocated maximum 5 points (when all questions are answered correctly). Points from all progress tests are summed with the maximum achievable 50 points. Minimal passing grade is 35 points. In case of the final score lower than 35 points, the student will have to sit a retake test. There are two retakes (first and second). Each retake will concern the topics of the entire semester and requires 70 % scoring to be passed. Failure in the second retake will result in the credit failure.
• In case a serious health problem (officially documented) prevents the student from sitting any all the planned three progress tests in the set date/time and an alternative date/time and test will be produced based on the agreement with the course instructor.

III. Other

• Worksheets for particular classes (topics) will be available on Moodle before each class.

Credit sessions

If a student fulfills all credit requirements (i.e. a minimal scoring grade 35 points and attendance), the credit will be granted and recorded in SIS.

Upon other circumstances (need to write a retake test), appointments for credit will be scheduled as based on the mutual agreement of involved parties.

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

Sylabus

Lectures

Lecturer: prof. PharmDr. Emil Rudolf, Ph.D.

1. Introduction, modelling in biomedicine
   Properties of eukaryotic cells in multicellular organism
   Nucleus- structure and function
2. DNA synthesis and expression (transcription and translation)
3. Biological membranes - structure and function, medical relevance
4. Cytoskeleton - structure and function, medical relevance
5. Cell cycle and reproduction, regulation, signalling
6. Cell stress – pathways and responses
7. Cell death – types, principles, regulation
   

Practical courses

Lecturers

• Prof. PharmDr. Emil Rudolf, Ph.D.
• Doc. RNDr. Vera Kralová, Ph.D.
• Dr. Veronika Skarková, Ph.D.

1. Introduction to the course, information sources, microscopy
   

   Rules and requirements of the course
   Scientific information in biomedicine (types, databases)
   Introduction to light microscopy
2. Microscopy of living cell - split class (group A) 
   Group A - Progress test 1
   Contrast enhancing microscopies in observation of living cells
   Group B - Fluorescence – e-learning course and Progress test 2 (Moodle)
3. Microscopy of living cell - split class (group B)
   Group B - Progress test 1
   Contrast enhancing microscopies in observation of living cells
   Group A - Fluorescence – e-learning course and Progress test 2 (Moodle)
4. Cell cultures in biomedicine
   Progress test 3
   Cultivation of cells in vitro
   Introduction to the tissue culture laboratory
5. Cellular membranes – fusion and osmosis
   Progress test 4
   Osmosis in plant and animal cells
   Cell fusion
6. Cell motility – split class (group A)
   Group A - Progress test 5
   Cytoplasmic streaming, Flagellar and ciliated motility
   Group B - Cell motility – e-learning course and Progress test 6 (Moodle)
7. Cell motility – split class (group B)
   Group B - Progress test 5
   Cytoplasmic streaming, Flagellar and ciliated motility
   Group A - Cell motility – e-learning course and Progress test 6 (Moodle)
8. Cell proliferation and its measurement
   Progress test 7
   Techniques of cell cycle and proliferation measurement
   Mitotic and proliferation indexes in cultured cells
9. Cellular stress – split class (group A)
   Group A - Progress test 8
   Cultured cells in suspension, vital staining
   Cell stress and demise in human cells
   Group B - Tests of cytotoxicity in vitro – e-learning course and Progress test 9 (Moodle)
10. Cellular stress – split class (group B)
    Group B - Progress test 8
    Cultured cells in suspension, vital staining
    Cell stress and demise in human cells
    Group A - Tests of cytotoxicity in vitro – e-learning course and Progress test 9 (Moodle)
11. Meiosis and genetic recombination
    Progress test 10
    Meiosis and gene linkage analysis- interactive workshop
    Meiosis in cells of locust

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)

Vstupní požadavky

 Entry requirements: 

• none required 

Poslední úprava: Laláková Marcela (07.02.2025)