|
|
|
||
|
Basic principles of general microbiology, patogenetic mechanisms, special bacteriology, mycology, virology and parasitology, principles of antimicrobial therapy, antiinfectious immunity and specific and nonspecific immunomodulation, clinical microbiology with selection of laboratory techniques, interpretation, differential diagnostics. Poslední úprava: Laušerová Romana (02.10.2023)
|
|
||
|
The condition for ending Microbiology II is passing the practical (1 question) and oral examination (3 questions). It can be done if the student obtain the credit for winter semester. The condition for granting credit is on the page of Department of Medical Microbiology (attandence and getting points from the tests). Credit test. Three single choice tests are written, each has 10 questions.Test duration is 10 min. To receive credits, you must obtain a total of min. 20 points (in the sum of all partial tests, i.e. out of 30 possible points). Alternative dates for intermediate tests will not be possible. If the student does not meet the conditions, he/she has the opportunity to succeed in the comprehensive remedial test in the credit week. The test will contain 30 questions, the minimum score is 24 points.Terms: • Week 4 - general microbiology (General bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology – general terminology, Antimicrobials - classification, mechanisms of action and resistance, spectrum of activity, Diagnostic methods - classification, significance and limitation of the methods) • Week 8 - special microbiology (Bacteria (G+, G- and others), fungi, parasites, viruses - individual agents - classification, significant virulence factors, pathogenicity, diagnosis and therapy) • Week 12 - clinical microbiology (Nosocomial, urinary, respiratory, alimentary, nervous system, bloodstream infections - the most significant agents, diagnosis, treatment and prevention) Examination Rules for Medical Microbiology 1) Announcement of Exam Dates Exam dates will be announced on SIS during the week 9 of the winter semester at the latest. All exam dates for the winter examination period will be announced, including: • Pre-term dates (can be completed after fulfillment of study requirements necessary for examination) • Dates for regular examination period of the winter semester • Dates in the first two weeks of the summer semester, however only for re-examination (i.e., second and third attempts) Other additional dates will be announced within the week 9 of the summer semester at the latest, for the following periods: • Regular examination period of the summer semester • In September, before the start of the new academic year, however only for re-examination. The last date can be listed no later than one week before the beginning of the next academic year. Once the additional examination dates are listed, the amount of all examination dates for the exam of Medical Microbiology will be final. It will not be possible to request examination outside of these specific dates, even in cases where a student did not use all exam attempts. In conclusion, it should be noted that it is possible to complete the regular examination only until the end of the examination period of the summer semester (usually until 30.6.), and re-examination two weeks before the start of the next academic year (usually until 17.9.). 2) Rules for registering for the exam and cancellation The start of registration for examination dates will be listed on SIS and will vary between individual groupings of examination dates. • Pre-term and regular examination dates of the winter semester: from the week 10 of the winter semester • Dates of the summer semester and summer examination period: immediately after their announcement A student will be allowed to take the exam only when he/she is registered for an exam date on SIS and all requisites necessary for the examination are met. Registration for an exam is not conditioned by obtaining the credit. Nevertheless, taking the exam is limited by obtaining the credit from Medical Microbiology II which is given in the same academic year as the exam takes place. Registration for an examination date will be possible until 1 day prior to the particular date. Cancellation will be allowed to be done max. 48 hours prior to the date of the exam. Registration for the 2nd re-examination (i.e., third attempt) cannot be done via SIS, but a student is requested to contact the secretariat of the Department of Medical Microbiology directly to get registered. 3) Failure to turn out and apology The student who fails to turn up for the exam that he/she registered for and he/she did not apologize beforehand, he/she is not classified, but the attempt is lost (Study and Exam rules, point 8.14). A student must apologise to the Head of the department (or to his deputy) in writing or by email, giving a reason for their no show. 4) Re-examination A student can take an examination for three times as a maximum, i.e. the student is entitled to undergo two re-examinations. However, if the student does not exploit the options within the set of examination dates, this does not entitled him/her to a special date of examination to be apponted for him/her. No “Dean terms” are allowed. Poslední úprava: Laušerová Romana (19.09.2024)
|
|
||
|
Lectures in PDF format will be published on Moodle in the course Microbiology II. Required (compulsory) textbooks: •Murray P. et al. Medical Microbiology, Elsevier Books, 2015 •Melter O. and Castelhano R. MicroBook – Clinical Microbiology for Medical Students, 2019 Recommended (optional) textbooks: •Microbiology, Lippincott´s Illustrated Reviews, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2012 •Mims´ Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Elsevier, 2018
MOODLE: https://dl1.cuni.cz/course/view.php?id=6510 Poslední úprava: Hurych Jakub, MUDr., Ph.D. (01.10.2024)
|
|
||
|
Exam questions in the 3rd year Rules: combination of three questions from three groups: 1. General microbiology (subgroup I.) 2. Special microbiology (subgroups II.-IV) 3. Clinical Microbiology (subgroup V.) and Microbiologal Methods (subgroup VI.)
I. General Microbiology (26 questions) 1. Cell wall composition of G+ and G- bacteria. Classification of bacteria. 2. Structure of bacterial cell and surface structure, bacterial spore. 3. Exotoxins and their classification according to mechanism and site of action. 4. The bacterial genome and its plasticity. Mobile genetic elements. 5. Structure of viral particles. Classification of viruses. 6. Pathogenesis of viral infections. 7. General mycology. Classification of micromycetes. 8. General parasitology. Classification of parasites. 9. Mechanisms of action of antibiotics. 10. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. 11. Reserve antibiotics 12. Principles of rational antibiotic therapy. 13. Penicillin antibiotics. 14. Generation I to V cephalosporins, carbapenems 15. Glycopeptides. Oxazolidinones (linezolid) 16. Antimicrobials with beta-lactamase inhibitors 17. Macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics. 18. Tetracyclines, including tigecycline. Chloramphenicol. 19. Aminoglycosides. Polypeptide antibiotics (polymyxin). 20. Quinolone antibiotics. 21. Cotrimoxazole. Metronidazole. Nitrofurantoin. 22. Antituberculosis. 23. Virostatics, including covid-19 treatment. 24. Antifungals. 25. Antiparasitics (emphasising antimalarials), including anti-infectives used to treat parasitic infections. 26. Side effects of antibiotics.
II. Special Virology and Mycology (19 questions) 27. Herpesviruses - HSV1, HSV2 and VZV. 28. Herpesviruses - EBV, CMV and HHV-6. 29. Influenza viruses. 30. Parotitis virus. Measles virus. 31. Rubella virus and parvovirus B19. 32. Rabies virus. 33. Adenoviruses. 34. Rotavirus. Caliciviruses. 35. Polioviruses and other enteroviruses. 36. Flaviviruses causing encephalitis 37. Viral hemorrhagic fever. 38. Papillomaviruses. Human pathogenic poxviruses. 39. RSV, parainfluenza viruses, rhinoviruses. 40. SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses 41. Agents of viral hepatitis. 42. HIV and other retroviruses. 43. Yeasts (candida) 44. Filamentous micromycetes (aspergilli, mucormycetes, dermatophytes). 45. Cryptococcus. Pneumocystis.
III. Special bacteriology (33 questions) 46. Staphylococcus aureus. 47. Coagulase-negative staphylococci. 48. Streptococcus pyogenes. 49. Beta haemolytic streptococci other than S. pyogenes. 50. Streptococcus pneumoniae and oral streptococci. 51. Enterococci. 52. Neurotoxic clostridia. 53. Histotoxic clostridia. 54. Clostridioides difficile. 55. Bacillus anthracis and other bacilli. 56. Listeria monocytogenes. 57. Corynebacteria. 58. Actinomycetes and nocardia. 59. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other G-nonfermenting rods. 60. Bordetelly. 61. Brucella and Francisella tularensis. Legionella pneumophila. 62. Campylobacter. Helicobacter pylori. 63. Haemophilus influenzae and other haemophiles. 64. Vibrio cholerae and other vibrio. 65. Escherichia coli. Shigely. 66. Yersinia. 67. Salmonella (Typhi, Enteritidis and other serotypes). 68. Klebsiella. Enterobacter. 69. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus and Providencia. 70. Neisseria meningitidis. 71. Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 72. Anaerobic bacteria other than clostridia and actinomycetes. 73. Treponema pallidum. 74. Borrelia and leptospires. 75. Rickettsie, coxiellas, bartonells. 76. Chlamydia. 77. Mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas. 78. Mycobacteria.
IV. Parasitology (11 questions) 79. Trypanosomes and leishmania. 80. Giardia. Cryptosporidium. Trichomonas. 81. Entamoeba and other amoeboid protozoa. 82. The causative agents of malaria. 83. Toxoplasma gondii. 84. Schistosomes. 85. Taeniae and other agents of intestinal cestodes. 86. Echinococci and other agents of tissue cestodes. 87. Enterobius and Ascaris. Other agents of intestinal nematodes. 88. Trichinella and other agents of tissue nematodes (including filariasis). 89. Ectoparasites.
V. Clinical Microbiology (18 questions) 90. The human microbiome. Physiological microbiota. 91. Upper respiratory tract infections. 92. Lower respiratory tract infections. 93. Diarrhoeal diseases. 94. Urinary tract infections. 95. Sexually transmitted infections. 96. Non-infectious (aseptic) neuroinfections. 97. Suppurative meningitis. 98. Blood-stream infections. The concept of sepsis. 99. Healthcare-associated infections. 100. Multi-resistant strains and treatment options. 101. Exanthemic diseases. 102. Skin and soft tissue infections. 103. Infection of bones and joints. 104. Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria. 105. Infection of the fetus and newborn. 106. Types of vaccines. Compulsory vaccination. 107. Recommended vaccinations and vaccinations at the request of the individual.
VI. Investigation procedures and diagnostics (12 questions) 108. Microbiological diagnosis of bacterial infections 109. Microbiological diagnosis of viral infections 110. Microbiological diagnosis of mycotic infections 111. Microbiological diagnosis of parasitic infections 112. Microscopy in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. 113. Cultivation of bacteria. 114. Procedures leading to the identification of bacteria. 115. Antibiotic susceptibility tests. Interpretation of results 116. Serological reactions (agglutination, ELISA, WB, immunochromatography). 117. Molecular biology methods and their advantages and disadvantages in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. 118. PCR and its use in the diagnosis of infectious diseases (including POCT mode). 119. Sequencing and its use in the microbiology laboratory.
Poslední úprava: Hurych Jakub, MUDr., Ph.D. (01.10.2024)
|