Syllabus of Biophysics course 1st year of MD curriculum in general medicine follows:
- Biomechanical properties of connective tissues
- Harmonic motion (kinetics, dynamics, energy; Hooke's law)
- Mechanics of solid body (elasticity, elastic properties, Young's modulus)
- Ideal fluid Bernoulli's equation, equation of continuity, diffusion, osmosis
- Real fluids and blood circulation (hydrodynamics of blood circulation, blood flow)
- Viscosity of liquids and blood (laminar flow, Poiseuille's law, affecting factors)
- Blood pressure and methods of its measurement
- Mechanical oscillation, longitudinal and transverse oscillation, Fourier transform
- Principle of sound propagation, speed of sound propagation, acoustic speed, acoustic pressure
- Acoustic impedance, sound intensity, level of sound intensity, perception of intensity
- Biophysics of the auditory apparatus, audible area (threshold of hearing, threshold of pain)
- Infrasound, ultrasound; sources and effects on organism
- Principles of diagnostic and therapeutical application of ultrasound
- Propagation of ultrasound in the organism, behavior at the boundary
- Ultrasonic examination methods Doppler sonography, shock waves, principle of lithotripsy
- Electric field, electric current, effects of electric and magnetic field on organism
- Magnetic field and comparison of a magnetic and electric fields
- Interaction of magnetic field with living matter; magnetotherapy
- Physiological effect of electric current; iontophoresis and galvanization, galvanism, electrostimulation, high-frequency electrosurgery
- Nuclear magnetic resonance; principle, application, benefits
- Electromagnetic spectrum, propagation of light, transmission, absorption, reflection
- Quantum optic, photons, absorption and emission spectra
- Magnifying glass, optical microscopy principle, telescopes, optical fibers
- Eye as an optical system - physical characteristics optical eye defects and correction
- Eye as a light detector, biophysics of vision
- Color of light, perception and sensitivity
- Atom structure
- Forms of ionizing radiation, their origin X-ray (RTG) radiation, origin, properties and applications
- Characteristics of X-rays, possibility of their modification
- Natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation
- Fundamental principles of interaction of radiation with the environment Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
- Biological effects of ionizing radiation, radionuclides in medicine
- Thermodynamic system, state quantities; internal energy, heat, work
- First and second law of thermodynamics Entropy in living organisms
- Measurement of temperature, thermometry, thermography, general types of thermometers, medical thermometers
- Thermal well-being of an organism, regulation of temperature in the organism, hyperthermia and cryotherapy
- Biophysical principle of energy transformation in the mitochondrial membrane
- Biophysical basis of ATP synthesis at the ATP synthase
- Structure of biomembranes
- Laser – principle, characteristics and properties of a beam Application of laser radiation, lasers in medicine
- Cytometry (flow cytotometry, cell-sorting, FACS)
- Endoscopy principle
- Optical microscopes (microscope for transmitted and incident light, phase contrast, polarization microscope, fluorescence microscope)
- Electron microscope
- Fluorescence spectroscopy (steady-state spectroscopy, quenching of fluorescence, lifetimes of the excited state, fluorescence polarization, fluorophores)
- Principle of imaging methods based on ionizing radiation (RTG, PET, SPECT, CT)
- Principle of imaging methods based on non-ionizing radiation (sonography, thermography, MRI)
- Biosignals
- Electrical manifestation of organism and their subsystems
- Electrodes; artefacts Native record, provocation and stimulation
- Biosignal processing and analysis; channel
- Differential amplifiers and integrations of inputs
- Electrocardiography Electroencephalography Cardiostimulation, defibrillation, electroconvulsive therapy
- Tissue engineering principle and controlled drug delivery
Poslední úprava: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)
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