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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Mathematical Modelling of Cloud and Precipitation Processes in Atmosphere - NMET054
Title: Matematické modelování oblačných a srážkových procesů v atmosféře
Guaranteed by: Department of Atmospheric Physics (32-KFA)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2022
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: not taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Daniela Řezáčová, CSc.
Classification: Physics > Meteorology and Climatology
Annotation -
Last update: T_KMOP (25.04.2001)
Mathematical modeling focused on atmospheric processes that contribute to the evolution of cloud and precipitation systems. Cloud processes on various time scale and space scale. Techniques applied in objective precipitation forecasting in midlatitudes.
Aim of the course -
Last update: REZACOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (08.04.2008)

The course aims at acquainting the students with principles and techniques which have been applied at cloud processes parameterization in numerical models of various time and space scales. Accent is put on the Parameterizations in NWP models are accented. Especially, microphysics parameteriations are emphasized.

Course completion requirements - Czech
Last update: doc. Mgr. Jiří Mikšovský, Ph.D. (19.10.2017)

Ústní zkouška v rozsahu témat daných sylabem.

Literature - Czech
Last update: REZACOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (07.04.2008)

1) Pruppacher,H.R., J.D.Klett (1997): Microphysics of clouds and precipitation. Second revised and enlarged edition with an introduction to cloud chemistry and cloud electricity. Atmospheric and oceanographic sciences library, Vol.18, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 954 str.

2) Houze,R.A.Jr.(1993): Cloud dynamics, Academic Press, 573 str.

3) Cotton,W.R., R.A.Anthes (1989): Storm and cloud dynamics., Academic Press, 877 str.

4) Emanuel K.A., Raymond,D.J.(1993): The representation of cumulus convection in numerical models. Meteorol.Monographs, Vol.24, Nb.46, AMS, 246 str.

5) Řezáčová D., Novák P., Kašpar M., Setvák M. (2007): Fyzika oblaků a srážek. Nakl. ACADEMIA Praha, 574 str + DVD.

Teaching methods -
Last update: REZACOVA/MFF.CUNI.CZ (08.04.2008)

A lecture including graphical outputs in electronic form.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: doc. Mgr. Jiří Mikšovský, Ph.D. (19.10.2017)

Ústní zkouška v rozsahu témat daných sylabem.

Syllabus -
Last update: T_KMOP (09.05.2004)
1. Basic concepts.
Time and space scales of cloud and precipitation processes, basic equations in modeling of cloud microphysics and dynamics, types of mathematical models on cloud scale, models of cloud microphysics, cloud models, modeling of cloud systems, transition to the parameterization of cloud and precipitation processes in NWP models.

2. Explicit modeling of cloud microphysics.
Modeling of warm microphysics, time evolution of cloud droplet spectrum, stochastic coalescence, breakup and evaporation. Modeling of ice phase microphysics, primary and secondary ice nucleation, deposition growth, various types of aggregation processes, graupel and hail growth. Effect of microphysics on cloud dynamics.

3. Parameterization of microphysics in cloud models.
Cloud water and ice, precipitation water and ice, source terms describing cloud microphysics, Kessler parameterization, Kessler type parameterization of microphysics, examples of application in cloud models, examples of other cloud microphysics parameterization.

4. Mathematical modeling of convective clouds.
History of convective cloud models from 1D steady state models to 3D nonhydrostatic models of organized convective systems. Modeling of severe storms, influence of vertical wind sheer on storm organization. Non-precipitating cumulus ensemble simulation.

5. Cumulus parameterization in NWP models.
Conception of cumulus parameterization as depending on NWP model scale. Review of convection representation in mesoscale models (Fritsch-Chappel, Kain-Fritch, Perkey-Kreitzberg).

6. Mathematical modeling of low level stratiform cloudiness
Radiative properties of cloudy atmosphere, parameterization of radiative transfer through clouds, effect of radiative processes on the dynamics and precipitation processes in clouds, modeling of fog and stratocumulus clouds.

7. Middle- and high level clouds
Microphysics and dynamics of cloud in middle and high levels, 2D simulation of cirrus cloudiness and altostratus clouds, application of mixed-layer models to middle and high clouds, parameterization in large-scale models.

8. Orographic clouds and formation of orografic precipitation
Wave clouds produced by long ridges, clouds associated with flow over isolated peaks, mechanisms of orographic control over precipitation.

 
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