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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Numerical Methods in Fortran - NGEO022
Title: Numerické metody ve Fortranu
Guaranteed by: Department of Geophysics (32-KG)
Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Actual: from 2016
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 6
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:3/1, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech, English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Guarantor: RNDr. Ladislav Hanyk, Ph.D.
Classification: Physics > Geophysics
Annotation -
Last update: HANYK/MFF.CUNI.CZ (12.04.2008)
Course of numerical methods with the emphasis on the implementation in Fortran. From numerical libraries through standard methods of algebra and analysis to solution of ordinary and partial differential equations. Less theory, more practice. Examples of geophysical applications.
Aim of the course -
Last update: HANYK/MFF.CUNI.CZ (12.04.2008)

Students ready for the world of numerical methods and computer implementations.

Course completion requirements - Czech
Last update: RNDr. Ladislav Hanyk, Ph.D. (10.10.2017)

Zápočet bude udělen po předložení vypracovaných domácích úkolů.

Literature -
Last update: RNDr. Ladislav Hanyk, Ph.D. (27.09.2011)
  • F.S. Acton, Numerical Methods That Work, Mathematical Association of America, 1990.
  • U.M. Ascher, L.R. Petzold, Computer Methods for Ordinary Differential Equations and Differential-Algebraic Equations, SIAM, 1998.
  • B. Fornberg, A Practical Guide to Pseudospectral Methods, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  • M. Metcalf, J. Reid, M. Cohen, Modern Fortran Explained, Oxford Science, 2011.
  • S. Míka, Numerické metody algebry, SNTL, 1985.
  • W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77: The Art of Scientific Computing, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press, 1996. (http://www.nr.com)
  • W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in Fortran 90: The Art of Parallel Scientific Computing, Cambridge University Press, 1996.
  • V. Pretlová, J. Zahradník, Numerické metody v geofyzice I., II. (skripta), SPN, 1978/1981.
  • P. Přikryl, Numerické metody matematické analýzy, SNTL, 1985.
  • K. Rektorys a spol., Přehled užité matematiky, Nakladatelství Prometheus, 1995.
  • K. Segeth, Numerický software I. (skripta), Nakladatelství Univerzity Karlovy, 1998.
  • J. Segethová, Základy numerické matematiky (skripta), Nakladatelství Univerzity Karlovy, 1998.
  • E. Vitásek, Numerické metody, SNTL, 1987.
  • WWW.
Teaching methods -
Last update: HANYK/MFF.CUNI.CZ (12.04.2008)

Lecture + exercises

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: RNDr. Ladislav Hanyk, Ph.D. (30.04.2020)

Zkouška je ústní, může se uskutečnit distančním způsobem. Požadavky odpovídají sylabu v rozsahu prezentovaném na přednášce.

Syllabus -
Last update: RNDr. Ladislav Hanyk, Ph.D. (08.05.2013)

1. Real data in real computers: Storing integer and real numbers (format IEEE). Errors: classification, sources and spreading.

2. Introduction to Fortran 95: Syntactical elements, specification statements, commands and constructs. Arrays, array sections, array-valued functions. Program units and structuring source codes. Parallelization. Examples: tabulating Earth models.

3. Libraries of numerical methods: Numerical Recipes, LAPACK, MKL, IMSL, NAG. Orientation in libraries, calling library routines. Examples: spherical Bessel functions, algebraic matrix operations.

4. Mini-algorithms: Horner scheme. Recurrence relations and their properties. Difference schemes. Numerical derivatives. FFT. Random numbers. Searching, sorting. What not to compute. Examples: Legendre polynomials and functions.

5. Systems of linear algebraic equations. Matrix conditionality. Direct methods - Gauss elimination and factorization methods (LU factorization). Methods for systems with tridiagonal, band diagonal matrices and special matrices. Iterative methods, conjugate gradient method. Overdetermined and underdetermined systems, singular value decomposition. Matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors - real symmetric vs. nonsymmetric matrices.

6. Approximation, basic applications: Interpolation of functions and derivatives (polynomial and rational interpolation, splines). Method of least squares. Chebyshev approximation, economization. Solution of nonlinear equations (classic methods, Newton method, combined methods). Examples: Fornberg schemes.

7. Numerical integration: Newton-Cotes formulas. Romberg integration. Gaussian quadratures. Examples: multiplication of spherical harmonic functions.

8. Systems of nonlinear algebraic equations: Linearization (Newton method). Minimalization (simplex and Powell's method, conjugate gradient methods and variable metric methods).

9. Ordinary differential equations: Initial value problems: Properties of numerical solution (local and global accuracy, convergence, stability, stiff systems). Properties of explicit and implicit schemes (Euler scheme). Runge-Kutta methods (of 2nd and 4th order, variants with adaptive stepping and for stiff systems). Extrapolation methods. Multistep methods. Boundary value problems: reduction to initial value problems, shooting methods, finite difference method, variational methods. Systems of differential and algebraic equations. Examples: Adams-Williamson equation, free oscillations of the Earth.

10. Partial differential equations: Discretization, difference schemes, properties, classification of methods. Finite difference method (difference equations, boundary conditions). Semi-discrete methods (method of lines, Rothe's method). Examples: Laplace equation, heat convection equation.

 
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