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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Aqueous geochemistry - MG431P09
Title: Geochemie vody
Czech title: Geochemie vody
Guaranteed by: Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources (31-430)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2019
Semester: summer
E-Credits: 5
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Ettler, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Ettler, Ph.D.
prof. RNDr. Martin Mihaljevič, CSc.
Annotation -
Last update: prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Ettler, Ph.D. (11.02.2022)
Hydrologic cycle, types of water, dissolved and suspended compounds, physical and chemical parameters of water (Eh, pH, conductivity), concentration units, ion balance, TDS-total dissolved salts, sampling and handling of water.
Activity, ionic strength, ion activity coefficients, Debye-Huckel equation, Davies equation, Pitzer equation.
Principles of thermochemistry, definition of equilibria, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, activity product and equilibrium constant (Keq), SI-saturation index, changes of Keq with pressure and temperature
Processes of solid-water interaction, dissolution, precipitation, hydration, hydrolysis, redox processes, sorption processes, dispersion and mixing
Carbonate chemistry, stability of carbonates, equilibrium constants for reactions in carbonate, carbonate dissolution as a function of P(CO2), pH and temperature, open and closed carbonate, alkalinity measurements and interpretation.
Weathering processes, silicate equilibria, stability diagrams of aluminosilicates, construction of activity diagrams, behaviour of Si in natural waters, stability of secondary products (Al a Fe oxyhydroxides, kaolinite), waters resulting from basalt-water and granite-water interactions, kinetics of silicate dissolution.
Adsorption processes, surface properties of sorbents, CEC, sorption isoterms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Kd), ion-exchange, surface complexation models, theory of electrical double layer (EDL), modelling the retardation of contaminants in landfill plumes, retardation.
Redox processes, measurements of Eh, pe, stability of water in Eh-pH, construction of Eh-pH diagrams, redox zoning in groundwater (landfills), geochemistry of iron.
Kinetics in natural systems, rates of dissolution, kinetics law, examples of geochemical interest.
Analytical methods in water analysis.
Computer modelling, PHREEQC-2, speciation, solubility, surface complexation, ion exchange

D. Langmuir (1997): Aqueous environmental geochemistry. Prentice Hall.
C.A.J. Appelo a D. Postma (1996): Geochemistry, groundwater and pollution. Balkema.
Literature -
Last update: doc. RNDr. Jiří Zachariáš, Ph.D. (14.05.2010)

D. Langmuir (1997): Aqueous environmental geochemistry. Prentice Hall.

C.A.J. Appelo a D. Postma (2005): Geochemistry, groundwater and pollution. 2nd Edition, Balkema.

Requirements to the exam - Czech
Last update: prof. RNDr. Vojtěch Ettler, Ph.D. (23.02.2024)

Požadavky: pro zápočet účast na cvičeních a vypracování protokolů k domácím cvičením (termín odevzdání - zápočtový týden); pro zkoušku závěrečný písemný test (8-10 otevřených otázek)

Získání zápočtu je podmínkou k zapsání na zkoušku.

Syllabus -
Last update: ZACHAR (29.04.2002)

Hydrologic cycle, types of water, dissolved and suspended compounds, physical and chemical parameters of water (Eh, pH, conductivity), concentration units, ion balance, TDS-total dissolved salts, sampling and handling of water.

Activity, ionic strength, ion activity coefficients, Debye-Huckel equation, Davies equation, Pitzer equation.

Principles of thermochemistry, definition of equilibria, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, activity product and equilibrium constant (Keq), SI-saturation index, changes of Keq with pressure and temperature

Processes of solid-water interaction, dissolution, precipitation, hydration, hydrolysis, redox processes, sorption processes, dispersion and mixing

Carbonate chemistry, stability of carbonates, equilibrium constants for reactions in carbonate, carbonate dissolution as a function of P(CO2), pH and temperature, open and closed carbonate, alkalinity measurements and interpretation.

Weathering processes, silicate equilibria, stability diagrams of aluminosilicates, construction of activity diagrams, behaviour of Si in natural waters, stability of secondary products (Al a Fe oxyhydroxides, kaolinite), waters resulting from basalt-water and granite-water interactions, kinetics of silicate dissolution.

Adsorption processes, surface properties of sorbents, CEC, sorption isoterms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Kd), ion-exchange, surface complexation models, theory of electrical double layer (EDL), modelling the retardation of contaminants in landfill plumes, retardation.

Redox processes, measurements of Eh, pe, stability of water in Eh-pH, construction of Eh-pH diagrams, redox zoning in groundwater (landfills), geochemistry of iron.

Kinetics in natural systems, rates of dissolution, kinetics law, examples of geochemical interest.

Analytical methods in water analysis.

Computer modelling, PHREEQC-2, speciation, solubility, surface complexation, ion exchange

D. Langmuir (1997): Aqueous environmental geochemistry. Prentice Hall.

C.A.J. Appelo a D. Postma (1996): Geochemistry, groundwater and pollution. Balkema.

T.Pačes (1983): Základy geochemie vod. Academie Praha.

 
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