Subjects

Your browser does not support JavaScript, or its support is disabled. Some features may not be available.

Physiology of bacteria II - MB140P32

Title:	Fyziologie bakterií II
Czech title:	Fyziologie bakterií II
Guaranteed by:	Department of Genetics and Microbiology (31-140)
Faculty:	Faculty of Science
Actual:	from 2020 to 2023
Semester:	summer
E-Credits:	3
Examination process:	summer s.:oral
Hours per week, examination:	summer s.:2/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity:	unlimited
Min. number of students:	unlimited
4EU+:	no
Virtual mobility / capacity:	no
State of the course:	taught
Language:	Czech
Level:	specialized
Note:	enabled for web enrollment

Guarantor:	doc. RNDr. Ivo Konopásek, CSc.
Teacher(s):	RNDr. Ondřej Černý, Ph.D. doc. RNDr. Radovan Fišer, Ph.D. Mgr. Jarmila Hnilicová, Ph.D. RNDr. Petra Lišková, Ph.D. RNDr. Gabriela Mikušová, Ph.D.
Pre-requisite :	MB140P34

Opinion survey results Examination dates SS schedule

Annotation -

Last update: doc. RNDr. Ivo Konopásek, CSc. (06.05.2014)

This lecture represents a continuation of the course "Physiology of bacteria" MB140P34 which is its prerequisite. It covers the following themes: types of regulations in bacterial cell, its adaptation in environment, communication, differentiation, signalling, physiology of the bacterial membranes and bacterial toxins.

Literature -

Last update: doc. RNDr. Ivo Konopásek, CSc. (18.02.2021)

Kim B.H., Gadd, G.M.: Prokaryotic metabolism and Physiology, 2nd edition (2019)
Moat A.G.,, Foster J.W., Spector M.P., Microbial Physiology, 4th Edition Wiley-Blackwell; 2002
Encyclopedia of Microbiology , 3ed, Editor-in-Chief: Moselio Schaechter, Elsevier, 2009
The Prokaryotes, Springer; 4rd edition (2014)
Madigan, Bender, Buckley: Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Benjamin Cummings; 15 edition (2017)
Vybrané přehledové články z : Nature Reviews Microbiology, Annual Reviews of Microbiology

Requirements to the exam -

Last update: doc. RNDr. Ivo Konopásek, CSc. (29.10.2019)

The exam is written. It is based on presentations of lectures and recommended literature.

Syllabus -

Last update: doc. RNDr. Ivo Konopásek, CSc. (22.04.2022)

Lecturer: IK: Ivo Konopásek, RF: Radovan Fiser, GM: Gabriela Mikusova, PL: Petra Liskova

1. Regulation in bacteria (IK) Regulation of enzyme synthesis, regulation of gene expression in bacteria and archea Regulation of enzyme activity

2. Global Regulation (IK) Global regulation: the answer to environmental stress Stringent response and carbon source limitations Limitations of nitrogen source Phosphate limitation Regulation of transition between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism

3. Environmental stress and taxis (IK) RpoS and global stress response Sigma factors and regulation of stress response Thermal shock Cold shock Oxidative stress Quorum sensing Osmotic shock Chemotaxis

4. Bacterial protein toxins (RF) Toxins acting as superantigens superantigens mechanism of action (binding) examples + producers: SEA, SEB, SECn, SEED, SEE, SEG, SEH (Staphylococcus aureus) SPEA SPEC (Streptococcus pyogenes) SPEB (streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B) SMEZ (p. Mitogenic exotoxin Z) MAM (Mycoplasma arthritidis T-cell mitogen) Cell membrane damaging toxins (PFT) General mechanism of action Common features of PFT Examples: RTX toxins (G + / G- bacteria) CyaA - Bordetella pertussis HlyA- (Escherichia coli) "small" PFT (G + bacteria) alpha toxin (Staphylococcus aureus) "large" PFT (G + bacteria) Common features Specific membrane interaction Changes in monomer conformation Oligomer formation examples + producers: PFO - perfringolysin O (Cl. Perfringens) SLO - Streptolysin O (Str. Pyogenes) PLY - pneumolysin (Str. Pneumonia) LLO - Listeriolysin O (L. monocytogenes) Approaches to study pore-forming toxins (PFT) In vitro Model system of black lipid membranes (electrophysiology) Study of PFT using liposomes (fluorescence) Droplet and hydrogel system (electrophysiology + fluorescence) In vivo - Monitoring of Ca2 + (fluorescence)

5. Life of bacteria in biofilm (PL) Basic characteristics and occurrence of biofilm Physiology of cells in biofilm Extracellular matrix Development and dispersion of biofilm Signals affecting biofilm formation Multi-species biofilm

6. Lipids in the membrane of bacteria (GM) Types of bacterial lipids (polar heads, fatty acids, primary structure) Membrane models Non-annular lipids Annular lipids - effect on the function of membrane proteins Function of acidic phospholipids in the membrane Function of phosphatidylethanolamine in membrane Membrane lipids as a target of antibiotics

7. Bacillus subtilis - differentiation and multicellular (GM) Characteristics of Bacillus subtilis Differentiation - cell types and cell fate determination Differentiation triggering signals Regulation of gene expression heterogeneity

8. Non-ribosomal peptide synthesis (GM) Characteristics of NRPS peptides and principle of synthesis Basic domains of synthetase Domain Tailoring Modification of NRPS

9. General mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis (OC)

10. Heterogeneity of bacterial population in pathogenesis (OC)