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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Use of molecular markers in plant systematics and population biol. - MB120P44
Title: Use of molecular markers in plant systematics and population biology
Czech title: Využití molekulárních markerů v systematice a populační biologii rostlin
Guaranteed by: Department of Botany (31-120)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2019 to 2023
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:3/0, Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Additional information: https://botany.natur.cuni.cz/fer/markers/indexE.htm
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D.
Annotation -
Last update: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. (30.09.2020)
The lecture is taught in English. Study literature and tutorials are given in English. The lecture comprises traditional as well as modern methods of molecular markers (incl. NGS) and their use for various applications in plant systematics and population biology. The important parts are discussions of scientific papers.
Due to the current restrictions, the lecture is partly organized via Google Meet, see https://meet.google.com/uqo-wovw-pgm, partly by individual consultations.
Literature -
Last update: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. (30.09.2020)

Basic literature:

Weising K. et al. (2005): DNA fingerprinting in plants. Principles, methods, and applications. 2nd edition.

Avise J.C. (2004): Molecular markers, natural history and evolution. 2nd ed.

Beebee T. & Rowe G. (2008): An introduction to molecular ecology.

Lowe A. et al. (2004): Ecological Genetics: Design, Analysis, and Application.

Bromham L. (2008): Reading the story in DNA. A beginner's guide to molecular evolution.

Jennings W.B. (2017): Phylogenomic data acquisition. Principles and practice.

Bleidorn Ch. (2017): Phylogenomics. An introduction.

 

Recommended literature:

Baker A.J. (2000): Molecular methods in ecology.

Karp A. et al. (1998): Molecular tools for screening biodiversity.

Ouborg N.J. et al. (1999): Population genetics, molecular markers and the study of dispersal in plants. J. Ecol. 87:551-568.

Hartl & Clark (2006): Principles of Population Genetics.

Soltis D.E. & al. [eds.] (1998): Molecular systematics of plants.II. DNA sequencing.

Hollingsworth & al. [eds.] (1999): Molecular systematics and plant evolution.

Requirements to the exam -
Last update: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. (25.10.2019)

Part of the exam:
1. Two tests with ten multiple-choice questions each (minimum 70% success is required)
2. Presentation of selected paper from impact journal, reading and understanding of another two. Discussion about the explained topics with the lecturer and other students.

Syllabus -
Last update: Mgr. Tomáš Fér, Ph.D. (24.10.2019)

1. molecular markers - characteristics of molecular data, an overview of techniques, differences among marker types
2. molecular markers - the use of markers for various applications and problem solutions
3. isozymes - electrophoresis, enzyme types, methods of evaluations of isozyme gels, codominant data and their evaluation, basics of population genetics, genetic diversity, population variability and structure, F statistics, use of isozymes in systematics, relationships between plant traits and isozyme diversity
4. DNA, dominant markers (RAPD, ISSRs, AFLP) - genetic information, genome structure, approaches to study of DNA, PCR principle, RAPD, ISSRs, AFLP - principles, (diss)advantages, evaluation of dominant marker data, use in determining of clonal structure, genetic variability distribution, phylogenetics of closely related species, population studies, statistical techniques and software overview for evaluation of variability and detection of the structure in the data
5. restriction techniques (RFLP, PCR-RFLP), chloroplast DNA - principle and use of restriction endonucleases, RFLP (Southern blotting), PCR-RFLP (use of universal primers for study of variable genome regions), specificity of cpDNA (non-recombinant, haploid, uniparental inheritance, conservative) and its use in hybridisation and seed dispersal studies, pollen/seed ratio in total gene flow, phylogeography - postglacial migrations
6. microsatellites - types and variability of simple sequence repeats, nuclear and chloroplast microsatellites, isolation of microsatellite regions and primer design, evaluation of the data (codominance, high variability), mutational models, specific statistics and software, parentage analysis, population and systematics studies
7. classical sequencing - the principle of dideoxy sequencing, use of automated sequencer, sequencing of chloroplast DNA (rbcL, trnL-F, non-coding regions), DNA evolutionary models, tree-building approaches molecular clocks, saturation, gene banks
8. sequencing 2 - sequencing of nuclear DNA (ITS, rDNA genes, low-copy genes), advantage and use of different genes and intergenic regions
9. next-generation sequencing (NGS) - overview and principle of the basic technologies, approaches, data evaluation, application overview
10. Hyb-Seq and phylogenomics - principle of the methods, application examples, phylogenomic data evaluations, gene tree vs. species tree
11. RADseq and population genomics - different RADseq modifications (original RAD, 2bRAD, GBS, ddRAD, ezRAD), RADseq data properties and evaluation, applications - phylogenetics, phylogenomics (selection, adaptation, diversification,  hybridization)

Each lecture consists of two following parts:
1. presentation and discussion of two papers related to the topic of the previous lesson (with emphasis on both, systematics and population biology)
2. explaining the molecular technique, showing examples of the data and methods of their evaluation, examples of the use of the technique for solving diverse problems

 

 

The course is taught with the support of the project reg. number CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/16_015/0002362

 
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