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Last update: Zdeněk Procházka (24.05.2023)
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Last update: Dita Strnadová (22.01.2024)
Information about Introduction to Clinical Medicine – Internal part The subject is composed from theoretical lectures organized together with pediatric department and clinical practical training. Clinical practical trainings start every week with short seminar held mostly in library of Internal Clinic (Floor 4D). Practicals are run on wards of Internal Clinic.
The exam period will take place from 15th of January till 11th February when dates for credit tests for all students will be posted in SIS. The test has 20 questions, the answers are in the form of a choice and more than 75% of the answers must be correct, i.e. there must be more than 15 points from the test for the test to be evaluated as correct. The summer semester will be closed with oral exam, dates will be posted in SIS as well. To the exam, the student will bring with him/her: the attendance record from the pediatric part of the class, a prepared sample medical record from the internal and pediatric part. Without supporting these documents, the student will not be admitted to the exam (they are a condition for credit, so you cannot take the exam without a credit).
Start of lectures and practicals is specified in time schedule. Students may check which meeting room/ward is assigned to their class: SIS on a noticeboard on the floor 4D (in front of the secretariat of Internal Clinic) All practical classes and seminars are compulsory and the attendance is checked. The lectures are optional but you are requested to attend them if possible. The student is allowed to miss up to 4 practical classes and seminars during the semester, but there is necessary to replace them (about substitution talk to your teacher during practicals). The winter semester will be closed by credit, the summer semester by credit and oral examination. For obtaining credit of winter semester the student must fulfil following criteria: to complete attendance at practicals and seminars, replace all missed group teachers check the student´s ability of providing the physical examination group teachers / their tutors check the knowledge of theory For obtaining the credit of summer semester the student must fulfil following criteria: to complete attendance at practicals and seminars, replace all missed bring attendance sheet from pediatric part group teachers check the student´s ability of providing the physical examination to complete 1 case study report from internal and 1 from pediatric part Examination: the terms for examination will be available in SIS during first weeks of the summer semester and the examination will take place after finishing the practicals |
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Last update: Bc. Helena Procházková (19.12.2023)
INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL MEDICINE: Chrobák, L.: Physical examination in internal medicine : Grada, 2003 (B)Zelenková, J.: Internal propaedeutic workbook : Triton, 2009 (A) + Douglas G. Macleod´s Clinical Examination |
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Last update: Bc. Helena Procházková (19.12.2023)
The winter semester will be closed by credit, the summer semester by credit and oral examination. For obtaining credit of winter semester the student must fulfil following criteria:
For obtaining the credit of summer semester the student must fulfil following criteria:
Examination: the terms for examination will be available in SIS during the summer semester and the examination will take place after finishing the practicals
Clinical propedeutics winter semester – credit examination 2018
1. Evaluation of consciousness 2. Disturbances of consciousness 3. Gait and abnormal movements 4. Changes of the voice and speech 5. Body temperature, subfebrility, fever, hyperpyrexia 6. Most frequently observed changes of the skin and skin adnexes (color, circulation, hydration, eflorescences) 7. Cyanosis 8. Chest pain 9. Tachypnea, hyperpnea, cough, hemoptysis 10. Dyspnea, stridor 11. Breathing and added breathing sounds 12. Heart sounds and their changes 13. Changes of heart rhytm 14. Heart murmurs 15. Physical examination of the head; physiological and pathological findings 16. Physical examination of the neck; physiological and pathological findings
1. Physical examination: Findings in bronchial asthma 2. Physical examination: Findings in acute bronchitis 3. Physical examination: Findings in chronic bronchitis 4. Physical examination: Findings in emphysema 5. Physical examination: Findings in pneumonia 6. Physical examination: Findings in pleural effusion 7. Physical examination: Findings in pneumothorax 8. Physical examination: Findings in pulmonary collaps 9. Physical examination: Findings in mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation 10. Physical examination: Findings in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation 11. Physical examination: Findings in tricuspidal regurgitation 12. Physical examination: Findings in congenital heart defects 13. Physical examination: Findings in combined valve disorders 14. Physical examination: Findings in pericarditis
Introduction to clinical medicine – examination questions, 3rd year, 2018-19
Box I. – Symptoms
1. Evaluation of consciousness 2. Disturbances of consciousness 3. Gait and abnormal movements 4. Changes of the voice and speech 5. Body temperature, subfebrility, fever, hyperpyrexia 6. Growth disorders, evaluation of somatic development, percentile graphs 7. Disorders of nutrition, hypotrophy, dystrophy, obesity 8. Most frequently observed changes of the skin and skin adnexes (color, circulation, hydration, eflorescences) 9. Cyanosis 10. Chest pain 11. Tachypnea, hyperpnea, cough, hemoptysis 12. Dyspnea, stridor 13. Breathing and added breathing sounds 14. Heart sounds and their changes, added sounds 15. Changes of heart rhythm 16. Heart murmurs 17. Edemas 18. Vomitus, hematemesis 19. Abdominal pain 20. Icterus 21. Ascites 22. Changes of defecation / bowel movements 23. Dysuria, polakisuria, polyuria, oliguria, anuria, polydipsia 24. Principles of healthy nutrition, dietary system 25. Natural nutrition of the baby - breastfeeding 26. Artificial nutrition of the infant 27. Symptomatology of malignant diseases 28. Growth and sexual development of the child – auxology – basic growth and developmental data 29. Major disorders of the neuropsychological development 30. Bleeding disorders – symptomatology
Box II. – Physical examination
1. Physical examination: Findings in bronchial asthma 2. Physical examination: Findings in acute and chronic bronchitis 3. Physical examination: Findings in emphysema 4. Physical examination: Findings in pneumonia 5. Physical examination: Findings in pleural effusion 6. Physical examination: Findings in pneumothorax 7. Physical examination: Findings in pulmonary collaps 8. Physical examination: Findings in mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation 9. Physical examination: Findings in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation 10. Physical examination: Findings in tricuspidal regurgitation 11. Physical examination: Findings in congenital heart defects 12. Physical examination: Findings in combined valve disorders 13. Physical examination: Findings in pericarditis 14. Principles of physical examination of the abdomen and physiological findings 15. Major patological findings in physical examination of the abdomen 16. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with acute abdominal pain 17. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with peritonitis 18. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with ileus 19. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with ascites 20. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with ischemic disease of lower extremities 21. Physical examination: typical findings in patient with venous thrombosis (deep and superficial) 22. Physical examination of joints and locomotor system 23. Symptoms of endocrine diseases 24. Basic neurological examination 25. Meningeal syndrome and intracranial hypertension – symptoms, clinical examination 26. Evaluation of psycho-motorical development of the child 27. Physiological new-born baby – first examination after delivery 28. New-born baby of a low birth body weight, immaturity and hypotrophy 29. Physical examination of the head; physiological and pathological findings 30. Physical examination of the neck; physiological and pathological findings
Box III. – Laboratory and imaging methods
1. Blood count – examination, specific features of different age periods; differences in childhood 2. Urine collection for chemical, microscopic and bacteriological examination in children and adults 3. Examination of the faeces in children and adults 4. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid 5. Laboratory methods in diseases of the uropoetic system 6. Laboratory methods in diseases of the respiratory system 7. Laboratory methods in circulatory diseases 8. Laboratory methods in endocrine diseases 9. Laboratory methods in diabetology 10. Laboratory methods in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract 11. Laboratory methods in blood disorders 12. Laboratory methods in diseases of the liver and gallbladder 13. Laboratory methods in diseases of the locomotor system 14. Basic immunoassays in children and adults 15. Basic examination of coagulation in children and adults 16. Injection technique – in children and adults 17. Puncture and biopsy – in children and adults 18. Infusion and transfusion – in children and adults 19. Vaccination and tuberculine (Sterneedle) tests 20. Disturbances of the acid-base balance – examination 21. Changes in osmolality of the homeostasis – examination methods and interpretation 22. Technique of blood pressure measurement, hypertension, hypotension, percentile graphs 23. Dehydration – clinical and laboratory examination 24. Basic allergological laboratory tests 25. Non-invasive and invasive imaging methods in cardiology 26. Imaging and examination methods in pulmology 27. Imaging and examination methods in gastroenterology nad hepatology 28. Non-invasive and invasive imaging methods in angiology 29. Examination methods in nephrology 30. Imaging and examination methods in endocrinology
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Last update: Dita Strnadová (10.01.2024)
Syllabus of Introduction to Clinical Medicine – Internal part 1. Summary of the main symptoms of internal diseases. An introductory lecture to the course of propaedeutic of internal diseases. Importance of history taking for making correct diagnosis. Segments of patient´s history. Main symptoms and signs of internal diseases. Pain. Dyspnea. Cough. Palpitations. Nausea and vomiting. Constipation. Diarrhea. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology 2. Overall condition of the patient, the state of consciousness. Mental state of the patient, consciousness, growth, nutrition, standing and walking and their disturbances, voice and speech and their disturbances, body temperature - measurement and different types of temperature curves. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology 3. Findings on the skin. Physical examination of the head and the neck (part I). Examination of the skin – color, tonus, moisture, temperature, affections. Hair and nails. Shapes of head, hair cover, face, eyes, nose, mouth, and throat. Physical examination, normal findings. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of skin, head, and neck 4. Physical examination of the head and the neck (part II). Physical examination of the eyes and the throat. Examination of eyes, eyelids, nose, mouth, throat. Inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation. Mobility of the neck, vessels, lymphatic nodes, thyroid gland. Pathological findings. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of head and neck 5. Symptomatology of the cardiovascular diseases. Physical examination of the heart (physiological findings). History, important complaints. Changes in chest shape, inspection, percussion. Finding the heart borders. Palpation, auscultation – physiological findings. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of circulation 6. Physical examination of the heart (physiological findings – part II), pathological findings. Auscultation of the heart, basic heart sounds, extra sounds, murmurs. Physiological and pathological findings. Blood pressure measurement. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of circulation 7. Acquired and congenital heart diseases in the adults. Heart valve disease – mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation - clinical presentation, physical examination. Congenital heart defects – septal defects, Fallot´s tetralogy, Ebstein´s anomaly, ductus arteriosus persistent, coarctation of the aorta. Clinical presentation, physical examination. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of circulation 8. Symptomatology of the pulmonary diseases. Physical examination of the lungs (physiological findings). Physical examination of the lungs – observation (changes in chest shape), palpation, percussion, auscultation. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of ventilation 9. Physical examination of the lungs (physiological findings – part II), pathological findings. Pathological findings during physical examination. Effusions, inflammation, edema. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of ventilation 10. Symptomatology of the gastrointestinal diseases. Physical examination of the abdomen (physiological findings) Inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation and per rectum examination. Superficial and deep palpation. Importance of excellent knowledge of normal findings to be able to recognize pathology. Importance of history. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of gastrointestinal tract 11. Physical examination of the abdomen (physiological findings – part II), pathological findings. Inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation and per rectum examination. Superficial and deep palpation. Importance of excellent knowledge of normal findings to be able to recognize pathology. Importance of history. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of gastrointestinal tract 12. Physical examination of the abdomen (pathological findings). Physical examination, pathological findings. Important complaints: pain, dyspepsia, dysphagia, pyrosis, bowel movement disorders. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of gastrointestinal tract 13. Symptomatology and affections of the limbs. Physical examination of the limbs. Common complaints. Edemas, claudication, rest pain, trophical changes. Inspection, palpation, auscultation. Examination of joints and mobility. Upper and lower extremities. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of limbs 14. Examination methods in cardiology. History, common complaints. Physical examination. ECG, echocardiography, stress examination. CT and MR imaging. Biochemical markers. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of circulation 15. Basics of electrocardiography Recording the ECG. Reading and interpretation of ECG records. Basic dysrhythmias, disturbances of conduction, acute and chronic ischemic changes. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of circulation 16. Examination methods in gastroenterology and hepatology. History, common complaints. Physical examination. Ultrasound, X-ray, CT, and MR imaging. Endoscopic and biochemical methods. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of gastrointestinal tract 17. Examination methods in endocrinology – clinical presentation, basic examination, differences in adult patients. History, common complaints. Clinical presentation and examination of basic disturbances. Ultrasound, CT, and MR imaging. Biochemical markers and tests. Differences in children and adult patients. Required knowledge: anatomy, physiology of glands 18. Basic laboratory examination. Blood cell count, biochemistry, examination of urine and feces. Head supervisor of teaching of internal part of clinical propaedeutic is: prof. MUDr. Radan Keil, Ph. D. Responsible person: MUDr. Pavlína Piťhová, Ph.D., tel. 22443 4014, 4067 |