Forensic Medicine - B80126

• Title: Forensic Medicine
• Guaranteed by: Institute of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague (11-00360)
• Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine
• Actual: from 2023
• Semester: winter
• Points: 2
• E-Credits: 2
• Examination process: winter s.:
• Hours per week, examination: winter s.:0/25, C+Ex [HS]
• Extent per academic year: 25 [hours]
• Capacity: unlimited
• Min. number of students: unlimited
• 4EU+: no
• Virtual mobility / capacity: no
• State of the course: taught
• Language: English
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Teaching methods: full-time
• Explanation: doc. MUDr. A. Pilin, CSc.no special requirements or utilities;disposable protective coats, masks and gloves will be given
• Additional information: http://soudni.lf1.cuni.cz
• Old code: 126
• Guarantor: doc. RNDr. Dr. Radomír Čabala
• Comes under: Compulsory for GM 4.y._23/24
• Attributes: Lékařství; Klinický předmět
• Pre-requisite : B83161, B83162

Annotation

Last update: doc. MUDr. et MUDr. Alexander Pilin, CSc. (09.01.2011)

Subject: Forensic Medicine Form: clerkship 1 week. Main topics: 1. Introduction. 2. Forensic pathomorphology. 3. Forensic traumatology. 4. Forensic toxicology. ad 1) Medical secrecy - obligatory reticence and other duties following from Law 20/1966 Sb. (Law on care of peoples' health with changes and accessories made by enactments of Czech National Council Nr. 210/1990 Sb., 425/1990 Sb. and 548/1991 Sb). Forensic Medicine as scientific discipline, research and exploratory trends in forensic medicine; conception of medico-legal services. ad2) examination of dead bodies and scene of death (according to enactment Nr. 19/1988 Sb.), autopsies of dead persons with emphasis to diagnostics of early pathomorphologic changes, autopsies of violent deceased persons with emphasis to the vital reaction and timing of injury; basics of identification, application of histochemical, immunohistochemical, immunochemical methods including macroreaction. ad3) most important types of violence, homicide, suicide, accident; most important mechanisms of injury; bodily harm: minute injury, actual bodily harm, grievous bodily harm; compensation for pain and social exercise. Medical failure. ad4) basics of toxicological analysis including necroptic material, investigation of ethanol, sampling of material for toxicological examination, most important intoxications. Main topics: 1st day: Introduction to Forensic Medicine (FM) and main law enactments: History of Forensic Medicine. Organization of Forensic Medicine in Czech Republic and in different European countries. Main objectives of Forensic Medicine in Czech Republic. Organization of courts, state attorneys and basics of crime investigation. Medical secrecy. The role of physician in civil and penal procedures. Medical negligence and medical responsibility. Eyewitness and expert witness. Bodily harm from medico-legal point of view (minute injury, actual bodily harm and grievous bodily harm). Medical opinion. Main principles in compensation of pain and permanent consequences. 2nd day: Examination of scene of death (the diagnosis of death, duties of physician on the scene of death). Post-mortem changes (early and belated). Importance of post-mortem changes for cause of death estimation. Timing of death. Vital reaction. Natural death and its pathomorphology. Medico-legal autopsy. Autopsy report. Medico-legal autopsy diagnosis. 3rd day: Toxicology: poison, definition of poison, the metabolism of poisons. Basics of toxicological analysis of samples. Alcohol and its proof. 4th day: Violent death and forensic traumatology. Different types of violence and their morphology. Trauma to specific parts of body. 5th day: Basics of laboratory methods in forensic medicine: molecular biology and immunohistochemistry methods in the diagnosis of sudden death, analysis of spot of biologic origin. Identification of unknown persons: methods in identification - sources of information, biometrics, forensic anthropology, forensic DNA analysis, forensic odontology, disaster victim identification (DVI) teams. Students take part in demonstration of autopsy findings in autopsy room every day.

Literature

Last update: doc. MUDr. et MUDr. Alexander Pilin, CSc. (10.10.2008)

Mason, J.K. Forensic Medicine. An illustrated reference. Chapman & Hall 1993

Knight B. Forensic pathology. Edward Arnold 1991

Sukko, P., Knight B. Knight´s Forensic pathology. Arnold Publication.

Simpson´s Forensic Medicine

Requirements to the exam

Last update: doc. MUDr. et MUDr. Alexander Pilin, CSc. (01.10.2021)

1.      Forensic medical service concept. Sudden death and its causes. The concept of poison.

2.      The role and organization of public prosecutors and courts .Sudden death during pregnancy, during childbirth, after childbirth .The concept of poison and its effects

3.      Early postmortem  changes .Sudden death in infants and children. Diagnosis of poisoning, Toxidrome.

4.      A doctor as an expert and a witness. Suffocation in general. Acid and alkali poisoning (symptoms, autopsy findings)

5.      Late postmortem changes. Hanging. Blunt object injury.

6.      Medical opinion . Gunshot wound.  Arsenic

7.      Examination of living people  in forensic medicine.Throttling.Nicotine

8.      Simulation, disimulation . Airway closure by covering, lying down.Mercury

9.      Self-harm . Traumatic asphyxia. Lead

10.   Inspection of the dead at the site of the find.Choking, aspiration.Carbon monoxide 

11.   Types of autopsies (Act 372/2011 Coll.) Drowning .Cyanides

12.   Exhumation. Cutting wounds .Nitrits

13.   Identification of a corpse of unknown identity.  Cut wounds.Atropine

14.   Identity by teeth.  Stab wounds.Strychnine

15.   Extimation of age, gender, height from bones Bite wounds.Bite wounds.Chinine

16.   General causes of death. Head injuries (mechanism of origin, injuries of soft skull covers, fractures of the arch and the base of the skull). Digitalis and strofantin.

17.   Brain injury (concussion and contusion of the brain, mechanism of origin and morphology, diffuse axonal injury). Compensation for pain and non-pecuniary ( permanent consequences damage. Cannabinoids and hallucinogenic substances  

18.   Early postmortem changes. Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Cantharidin 

19.   Determination of time since death.Chest injuries.  Opium, its composition and derivatives, symptomatology of opioid intoxication.

20.   Autopsy diagnosis in forensic medicine (natural, violent, specific injury in case of death, in unclear cases).Spine fracture.  Intoxication with organic solvents (acetone, toluene, halogenated hydrocarbons)

21.   Sharp object injuries (cuts, stab wounds, cuts). Fall from height.  Ethanol (methods of determination, effects depending on blood concentration).

22.   Vital reactions.  Railway accidents.  Methanol

23.   Determining the time since death. Traffic accidents on the road and railway.  Benzodiazepines

24.   Abdominal injuries. Trumatic asphyxiation. Psychopharmacs

25.   Electric current (technical electricity and lightning). Suffocation in general.  Insecticide

26.   Medical secrets. Assessment of injury severity. Snake venoms

27.   Rape, sexual abuse, sexual coercion. Murder of a newborn baby by a mother.   Warfare agents.

28.   Carbon monoxide intoxication (symptoms depending on concentration, evidence of carbonylhemoglobin in the blood).  Injuries during sports and exercise. Food health harm.

29.   Medical liability (negligence).Explosion injuries.  Fungal poisoning

30.   Medical certificate.  Burns and scalds Injury. Actual bodily harm

31.   Medical certificate . Harm to health by low temperature (hypothermia, freezing). Grievious bodily harm.

32.   Physician's responsibility for medical staff.  Rape. Physician tasks on the crime scene

33.   Informed consent. Sexual abuse . Tasks of physician on the scene of suicide .

34.   Failure to provide first aid. Unnatural rebuke of the sexual instinct . Harm to health by heat (hyperthermia, burns, scalds.

35.   Facial injuries (mechanism of origin, fractures of facial bones).  Natural death (SIDS) and violent (shaken baby syndrome) in childhood. Stimulant intoxication (amphetamine and its derivatives, cocaine) .