SubjectsSubjects(version: 970)
Course, academic year 2024/2025
   Login via CAS
Organic Synthesis I - MC270P13A
Title: Organic Synthesis I
Czech title: Organická syntéza I
Guaranteed by: Department of Organic Chemistry (31-270)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2024
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 4
Examination process: winter s.:combined
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: 3
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Additional information: http://orgchem.cz/vesely/
Note: enabled for web enrollment
priority enrollment if the course is part of the study plan
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Jan Veselý, Ph.D.
Teacher(s): prof. RNDr. Jan Veselý, Ph.D.
Annotation -
The course Organic Synthesis I introduces students to key principles and methods of modern organic chemistry necessary for synthesizing complex molecules. It covers both theoretical and practical aspects of reactions, including reductions, oxidations, functional group interconversions, aldol reactions, cycloadditions, and rearrangements. Students will acquire knowledge and skills applicable to further academic and research activities.

This course is for ERASMUS students also available in English.
Last update: Veselý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (10.09.2024)
Literature -

Recommended literature:
1. Francis A. Carey, Richard J. Sundberg: Advanced Organic Chemistry, Part B - Reaction and Synthesis, Springer, 2007, ISBN: 038768350X.
2. J. Svoboda: Organická syntéza, VŠCHT Praha, 2017, ISBN: 978-80-7080-990-7.
Elektronic materials (lectures) are also available in SIS.

Other books:

Laszlo Kurti Barbara Czako: Strategic Applications of Named Reactions in Organic Synthesis, Academic Press, 2005, ISBN: 9780124297852.
Michael Smith: Organic Synthesis. Academic Press, 2011, ISBN: 9781890661403.
L. Lešetický, M. Dzurrila, P. Elečko, M. Potáček, P. Zahradník: Organická syntéza, SPN Praha, 1983.
V. Dědek, L. Lešetický, F. Liška, J. Svoboda: Organická syntéza. Transformace funkčních skupin. Karolinum, Praha 1995.

Last update: Veselý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (24.10.2019)
Requirements to the exam -

Requirements for study control:

credit - oral presentation about selected synthetic organic method
exam - first part (written part with score above 60%), second part (oral)

 



Last update: Veselý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (24.10.2019)
Syllabus -

Syllabus

Week 1: Definition of basic concepts in organic synthesis, processes, classification of reactions by bond formation
Weeks 2-3: Reductions in organic synthesis (heterogeneous and homogeneous reductions, reductions by complex hydrides, etc.)
Week 4: Oxidation reactions (oxidation of alcohols, allylic oxidations, α-oxidation of carbonyls, oxidative cleavage of C-C bonds, etc.)
Week 5: Functional group transformations (alcohols, carbonyl compounds, Mitsunobu reaction, Arbuzov reaction, etc.)
Week 6: Electrophilic addition reactions (hydroboration, selenylation, sulfenylation, etc.)
Week 7: Preparation of enolates and alkylation reactions of enolates, enol ethers, enamines, etc.
Week 8: Aldol reactions, condensation reactions, and olefination reactions (Wittig, Peterson, Julia, Julia-Kocienski)
Week 9: Electrophilic aromatic substitution + Nucleophilic aromatic substitution
Week 10: Cycloaddition reactions (Diels-Alder reaction, dipolar cycloadditions)
Week 11: Rearrangements (sigmatropic, acid- and base-catalyzed)

Last update: Veselý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (10.09.2024)
Learning outcomes -

Definition of basic concepts in organic synthesis, processes, classification of reactions by bond formation

  • The student will be able to define basic concepts of organic synthesis.
  • They will understand the classification of organic reactions based on bond formation and cleavage.
  • They will comprehend the significance of synthetic procedures in organic chemistry and their applications.

Reductions in organic synthesis

  • The student will be able to describe and explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous reductions.
  • They will be able to identify the appropriate reducing agent for various types of substrates (complex hydrides, metal catalysts, etc.).
  • They will be able to design and apply basic reduction reactions in synthetic procedures.

Oxidation reactions

  • The student will understand basic types of oxidation and their mechanistic aspects.
  • They will be able to distinguish between different oxidizing agents and their specific applications in organic synthesis.
  • They will be able to apply oxidation reactions to various substrates, such as alcohols and carbonyl compounds.

Functional group transformations

  • The student will be able to explain the principles of functional group transformations.
  • They will be able to describe and apply key reactions (Mitsunobu reaction, Arbuzov reaction) in synthetic schemes.
  • They will be able to design appropriate synthetic procedures for functional group transformations.

Electrophilic addition reactions

  • The student will be able to explain the mechanism of electrophilic addition reactions.
  • They will understand the application of specific addition reactions, such as hydroboration, selenylation, and sulfenylation, and their use in organic synthesis.
  • They will be able to design molecule syntheses using electrophilic additions.

Preparation of enolates and alkylation reactions of enolates, enol ethers, enamines, etc.

  • The student will understand the principles of enolate formation and their significance in organic synthesis.
  • They will be able to design appropriate alkylation reactions of enolates, enol ethers, and enamines.
  • They will understand the practical applications of these reactions in synthetic processes.

Aldol reactions, condensation reactions, and olefination reactions (Wittig, Peterson, Julia, Julia-Kocienski)

  • The student will be able to explain the mechanism and importance of aldol and condensation reactions.
  • They will understand olefination reactions (Wittig reaction, Peterson reaction, etc.) and their applications.
  • They will be able to apply these reactions in the organic synthesis of complex molecules.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution + Nucleophilic aromatic substitution

  • The student will be able to distinguish between electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution.
  • They will understand the mechanistic aspects of both types of substitution reactions.
  • They will be able to design and apply these reactions for the synthesis of aromatic compounds.

Cycloaddition reactions

  • The student will understand the principles of cycloaddition reactions and their importance in the synthesis of cyclic compounds.
  • They will be able to explain the mechanism of the Diels-Alder reaction and dipolar cycloadditions.
  • They will be able to design the synthesis of cyclic molecules using these reactions.

Rearrangements

  • The student will be able to explain the mechanistic aspects of various types of rearrangements (sigmatropic, acid- and base-catalyzed).
  • They will understand the importance of rearrangement reactions in the synthesis of more complex organic molecules.
  • They will be able to design a synthesis involving specific rearrangements.

These learning outcomes will help students structure the knowledge and skills they are expected to acquire during the course and contribute to their success in organic synthesis.

 

 

Last update: Veselý Jan, prof. RNDr., Ph.D. (10.09.2024)
 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html