Genetics of Bacteria - MB140P12E

• Title: Genetics of Bacteria
• Czech title: Genetika bakterií
• Guaranteed by: Department of Genetics and Microbiology (31-140)
• Faculty: Faculty of Science
• Actual: from 2024 to 2024
• Semester: winter
• E-Credits: 4
• Examination process: winter s.:combined
• Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/1, C+Ex [HT]
• Capacity: unlimited
• Min. number of students: unlimited
• 4EU+: no
• Virtual mobility / capacity: no
• State of the course: not taught
• Language: English
• Note: enabled for web enrollment; priority enrollment if the course is part of the study plan
• Guarantor: RNDr. Jaroslav Nunvář, Ph.D.

Annotation

English

This course introduces students to the basics of bacterial genetics. Emphasis is put on mechanisms of genetic plasticity of bacterial genomes (horizontal transfer, mobile genetic elements, spontaneous mutations) and genetic basis of pathogenicity and ATB resistance of host-associated bacteria.

Last update: Nunvář Jaroslav, RNDr., Ph.D. (04.12.2024)

Czech

Předmět seznamuje studenty se základy genetiky bakterií s důrazem na mechanismy genetické plasticity (HGT, MGE, spontánní mutace) a genetický základ ATB rezistence a patogenicity.

Last update: Nunvář Jaroslav, RNDr., Ph.D. (04.12.2024)

Literature

English

Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, Snyder, L. and Champness, W. 2nd Ed., (ASM Press), 2003. a 3th Ed (ASM press 2007), selected reviews.

Last update: Nunvář Jaroslav, RNDr., Ph.D. (04.12.2024)

Czech

Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, Snyder, L. and Champness, W. 2nd Ed., (ASM Press), 2003. a 3th Ed (ASM press 2007).

Last update: Nunvář Jaroslav, RNDr., Ph.D. (04.12.2024)

Syllabus

General characteristics, organization and maintenance of bacterial genomes

Coding density, genome size vs. bacterial lifestyle, operonization, replication-dictated biases, superhelicity, DNA damage response

Sources of genetic variability

Mobile genetic elements and their biology (transposable elements, phages, plasmids, ICE), anti-MGE defense mechanisms, horizontal gene transfer (transformation, transduction, conjugation), spontaneous mutations (classification, origins), repair mechanisms, hypermutation.

Essentials of genetic manipulation of bacteria

Inactivation of genes, introduction of genes into heterologous hosts, measuring and modulating gene expression, model eukaryotic host cells/organisms

Genetic basis of host association and pathogenicity

Nosocomial vs. resident bacteria, intestinal vs. mucosal resident bacteria, molecular mechanisms of immune evasion, pathogenicity islands and MGEs, adaptation to obligate intracellularity, host spectrum and host switches/shifts

Population genetics of pathogenic bacteria

Definition of bacterial species, MLST schemes, whole-genome sequencing (major platforms and types of sequencing data, assembling genomes, genotyping), core- and accessory genome, genetically monomorphic pathogens.

Genetics of ATB resistance

ATB production and resistance in natural ecosystems, intrinsic resistance in nosocomial vs. resident bacteria, low-level (efflux, envelope permeability) vs. high-level (ATB modification, target mutation) resistance mechanisms, modes of resistance development (mutational vs. horizontal acquisition), development of transmissible resistance

Last update: Nunvář Jaroslav, RNDr., Ph.D. (13.12.2024)