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The optional semestral lecture on the magnetism in condensed matter is intended for students of physics in the
Master study program. The prerequisites are the basic lecture of electromagnetism (Physics II), fundamentals of
the quantum theory, solid state physics and mathematical analysis. The introduction of basic magnetic properties
is given within the course. The course provides students detailed description of magnetic properties of free and
bound electrons, various forms of magnetism, magnetic order, broken symmetry, geometric frustration, domain
walls, magnetic resonance and magnetic inte
Last update: T_FUUK (23.04.2015)
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The main objective of the course is to provide fundamental concepts of the magnetism, magnetic order, interactions and anisotropy. The goal is to introduce modern topics like quantum Hall effects (integer, fractional, spin), basics of the spin electronics, spontaneous symmetry breaking and manifestation of many-body interactions. The accent will be also put on experimental methods, magnetic materials, their growth and applications. Last update: T_FUUK (23.04.2015)
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The students are required to solve several problems in magnetism of condensed matter. These problems are set up during the course (usually 10-12 sets of problems). Then, the student is allowed to take the oral exam. The oral exam consists of three questions. The first two questions are from the field of general condensed matter magnetism. The last question concerns the student's scientific work and its connection to magnetism.
Last update: Kunc Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (13.06.2019)
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[1] J.M.Coey, Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Cambridge University Press, 2010. [2] S. Blundell, Magnetism in Condensed Matter, Oxford Master Series in Condensed Matter Physics, Oxford University Press, 2001. Last update: T_FUUK (23.04.2015)
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Lecture and exercises. Last update: Kunc Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (07.06.2023)
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Basics of magnetism in condensed matter within the scope of syllabus. A special attention is paid to student's ability to recognize different types of magnetism, their origin and experimental methods to study them.
Last update: Kunc Jan, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (13.06.2019)
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(1) Introduction
Magnetic field, magnetization, magnetic dipole moment, Maxwell equations, magnetostatics, magnetostatic energy and forces, precession, Bohr magneton, spin and orbital angular momentum, Pauli matrices, spinors. (2) Magnetism of free electrons Farraday and Voigt effect (oscillator model). (3) Magnetism of localized electrons on the atom Hydrogen atom and angular momentum, many-electron atom, paramagnetism, diamagnetism, forces in paramagnetic and diamagnetic matter, ions in the condensed matter, atom in magnetic field, magnetic susceptibility, Brillouin function, van Vleck paramagnetism, Hund’s rules, LS and jj coupling, nuclear spin, hyperfine interaction, g-factor. (4) Environments Interaction with the crystal field, Jahn-Teller effect, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, Mossbauer spectroscopy, interaction (magnetic dipole interaction, exchange interaction, direct and indirect interaction, anisotropic exchange interaction). (5) Ferromagnetism Weiss model of the ferromagnetism, mean field theory, collective excitations, anisotropy, ferromagnetic effects. (6) Antiferromagnetism and other magnetic order Weiss model of the antiferromagnetism, ferrimagnets, amorphous magnets, spin glass, helimagnetisms, measurements of the magnetic order. (7) Magnetism of metals Free electron model, Pauli paramagnetism, Landau levels, paramagnetic and diamagnetic response of the electron gas, RKKY interaction, excitations of the electron gas (energy dispersion of the fundamental excitations at the Landau level quantization), many-body interactions, Kondo effect. (8) Order and broken symmetry Geometric frustration, Heisenberg and Ising model, excitations, magnons, spin waves, Bloch 3/2 law. (9) Micromagnetism, domains and hysteresis Micromagnetic energy, domain walls (orientation, nucleation, localization, dynamics). (10) Magnetic resonance Electron paramagnetic resonance, ferromagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance. (11) Competing interactions and low dimensionality Superparamagnetism, quantum phase transitions, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, characteristic lengths, thin layers, quantum dots. (12) Experimental methods Crystal growth, measurements of magnetic domains and bulk magnetisation, magneto-optics, magneto-transport (Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations), measurements of magnetization (de Haas-van Alphen effect), SQUID, Hall effects (classical, integer and fractional quantum Hall effect, spin Hall effect). (13) Magnetic materials (14) Spin electronics Spin polarized currents, materials for spin electronics, magnetic sensors, magnetic memory, magnetic recording, collosal magnetorezistance.
Last update: T_FUUK (23.04.2015)
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