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Overview of principles and designs of chemical sensors and biosensors. Definition of chemical sensor and its basic static and dynamic parameters. Electrochemical sensors with liquid electrolyte. Solid-state electrochemical sensors. Sensors based on measurement of electron conductivity. Calorimetric sensors. Mass-sensitive sensors. FET sensors. Optical sensors.
Last update: OPEKAR (29.01.2003)
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Sensors. A Comprehensive Survey (Eds. W.Göpel, J.Hesse, J.N.Zemel), Vols.2, 3, VCH, Weinheim, 1991. Last update: Nesměrák Karel, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (28.10.2019)
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The course is concluded by elaborating and giving a 10-15 minute presentation on a drawn topic from the issue of chemical sensors. Last update: Nesměrák Karel, doc. RNDr., Ph.D. (28.10.2019)
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1. Definition of chemical sensor and its basic scheme: molecular/ionic selector, physical-chemical interaction, physical transducer (regulator). Comparison of properties of a physical (artificial) and biological (human) sensors.
2 .Basic parameters characterizing (chemical) sensors properties: static parameters - response, dynamic range, sensitivity, selectivity; dynamic parameters - response rate, time constant.
3. Sensors based on different physical-chemical principles - a survey:
3.1. Electrochemical sensors with liquid electrolytes:
Potentiometric sensors (ISE, coated wires), gas sensors (Severinghaus type, air-gap, potentiometric biosensors).
Amperometric sensors (wall-jet, thin-layer, tubular), gas sensors (Clark type, amperometric biosensors). Function of porous and nonporous membrane in chemical sensors
3.2. Electrochemical sensors with solid electrolytes:
ZrO2 sensors (lambda sensors, oxygen pump);
Sensors with proton conductors;
Solid-state sensors containing an active layer.
3.3. FET - based sensors:
Ion selective FET (ISFET);
Chemically selective FET (CHEMFET);
Work function sensors.
3.4. Electronic conductance sensors:
Metaloxide (SnO2) sensors (TGS, Figaro);
Chemiresistors (with inorganic active layer, with metalophtalocyanine layer, with conducting organic polymers);
Multisensors, electronic nose (pattern recognition analysis).
3.5. Calorimetric sensors:
Pelistors, pyroelectric sensors;
Heat conductivity based sensors.
3.6. Mass sensitive sensors (piezoelectric crystal / chemically sensitive layer):
bulk acoustic wave - BAW (or quartz crystal microbalance, QCM);
Surface acoustic wave sensor (SAW), application in biosensors.
3.7. Optical sensors:
Sensors with optical fibers (optody).
Last update: OPEKAR (09.01.2003)
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Po absolvování předmětu student: Last update: Dejmková Hana, RNDr., Ph.D. (28.09.2024)
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