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Course, academic year 2023/2024
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Plant growth and development - MB130P20
Title: Růst a vývoj rostlin
Guaranteed by: Department of Experimental Plant Biology (31-130)
Faculty: Faculty of Science
Actual: from 2013
Semester: winter
E-Credits: 5
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: cancelled
Language: Czech
Note: enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. David Honys, Ph.D.
Incompatibility : MB130P20E
Interchangeability : MB130P20E
Is incompatible with: MB130P78
Opinion survey results   Examination dates   Schedule   
Annotation -
Last update: VOTRUB (02.03.2006)
Lectures deal with plant ontogenesis, regulation of gene expression and cell cycle. Zygote formation and embryogenesis are concerned. Meristem functioning, plant cell wall and mem-brane formation during cell elongation are dealt with. Regulation of plant vegetative development, transition to flowering and generative development, gametophyte formation, pollina-tion and fertilisation are included as well as seed and fruit formation, senescence, dormancy, regeneration and phytohormones.
The basic knowledge of plant anatomy and plant physiology is necessary for successful going through the course.
Literature - Czech
Last update: LIPAVSKA (16.04.2007)

Leyser O., Day S.: Mechanisms in Plant Development. - Blackwell Sci. Ltd and Blackwell Publ., Oxford, 2003. 241 stran. ISBN 0-86542-742-9

Steeves T.A. and Sussex I.M.: Patterns in Plant Development. - Cambridge Univ. Press, 1989, 388 stran. ISBN 0 521 28895 9

The Plant Cell, vol 5 (1993), Nr. 10 - Special Issue, 349 stran. ISSN 1040-4651

Mauseth J.D.: Plant Anatomy. - The Benjamin/Cummings Bubl. Comp., Inc. Menlo Park, California 1988. ISBN 0-8053-4570-1560.

Alberts B. et al. : Základy buněčné biologie.- Espero Publ., Ústí nad Labem, 1998, ISBN 80-902906-0-4

Buchanan B.B., Gruissem W., Jones R.L.: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants. - Am. Soc. Plant Physiol. Rockville, Maryland, 2001 1367 stran. ISBN 0-943088-39-9

Salisbury F.B. and Ross C.W.: Plant Physiology. Waldsworth Inc. Belmont California 1992, 682 stran ISBN0-534-98390-1

Mohr H. and Schopfer P.: Plant Physiology. Springer-Verlag Berlin 1995, 682 stran. ISBN 0-534-98390-1

Taiz L., Zeiger E.: Plant Physiology. - Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publ., Sunderland, Massachusetts 2002., 690 stran . ISBN 0-87893-823-0

Materiály na www:
http://kfrserver.natur.cuni.cz/cz/edu/fyzrost/index.htm

Syllabus -
Last update: VOTRUB (26.04.2005)

Growth and development - definition and relationship. Metagenesis. Ontogenesis, phases and their relations. A span of plant life.

Growth, development, differentiation. Differentiation and gene expression. Signal transduction. Regulation of gene expression. Control on the level of transcription - a role of chromatine, transcription factors, termination of transcription. Translation, protein modification. Control of plant cell cycle, role of cyclin dependent kinases, cyclins, phosphorylation of p38, Rb-like proteins. Control of DNA replication. Cytoskeleton and nucleus and cell division.

Cell elongation. Synthesis of structural polysacharides of the cell wall - cellulose, terminal complex, role of cytoskeleton. Hemicellulose and pectin synthesis. Fatty acid and membrane lipid synthesis. Plasmodesmata. Differentiation and functional specialisation of cells, development of vascular tissue.

Period of juvenility. Embryogenesis in angiosperms. Zygote origin, sperm dimorphism, fertilisation. Suspensor, endosperm. Embryo development - proembryo, globular embryo, epiphysis and hypophysis differentiation, cotyledon development, procambium differentiation, embryo maturation, LEA proteins. Embryogenesis in gymnosperms and seedless vascular plants. Polyembryony - zygotic, gametophytic and sporophytic one. Somatic embryogenesis - induction, embryo development, practical importance, androgenesis. Apomixis - embryo formation without fertilisation, importance.

Seed germination, plant adaptation to ambient conditions (phototropism), photosysnhetic apparatus development. Vegetative development, EMF gene. Vegetative propagation, EMF gene. Vegetative propagation.

Meristems. Root meristem. Lateral root formation. Shoot apical meristem. Leaf initiation and development. Specific gene expression - STM, KNOX, CLV, AS1. Differentiation of stomata.

Transition to generative development. Intermediate meristem, floral meristem. Autonomous control of flowering. Photoperiodism, photoperiod, critical photoperiod, induction of flowering. Categories of photoperiod sensitive plants. Photosensors. Temperature and control of flowering - vernalisation (genes VRN, FLC, FRI). Genes TFL, LFY, ABC model, homeotic and other genes in control of flowering (UFO, FON,CO).

Anther development, microsporogenesis, a role of tapetum, male gametophyte development, male sterility. Pistil development, placenta and ovule, megasporogenesis, megagametophyte development. Pollination, pollen tube growth, pollen tube and pistil tissue interaction. Fertilisation. Seed and fruit development.

Dormancy. Senescence.

Regeneration, totipotency. Phytohormones - auxins, cytokinines, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene and other substances with phytohormonal character.

 
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