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Phytochemical Methods - GFYT002
Title: Fytochemické metody
Guaranteed by: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany (16-16230)
Faculty: Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové
Actual: from 2025
Semester: winter
Points: 0
E-Credits: 4
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:28/0, Ex [HS]
Capacity: unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Guarantor: doc. PharmDr. Jakub Chlebek, Ph.D.
Annotation -
In the course, students will learn about special isolation and analytical procedures required when working with plant material for the successful isolation of constituents of various structural types, including determination of their content by modern analytical methods. Students will learn about the process of selection and processing of starting materials from extraction, separation to identification of their constituent metabolites. Finally, students will learn about the possibilities of modifying the structures of natural substances to increase their stability, detection and biological activity, or bioavailability.
Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (29.09.2025)
Course completion requirements -

Passing a written test.

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (29.09.2025)
Literature - Czech

Doporučená:

  • Opletal, L., Drašar, P.. Fytochemické metody. 1. Izolace obsahových látek (laboratorní technika). Praha : Karolinum, 1994, s. ISBN 8070669128.

  • Hrabálek, A., Kuneš, J., Klimešová, V., Macháček, M., Opletal, L., Palát, K., Roman, M., Vinšová, J.. Chemická laboratorní technika pro farmaceuty.. Praha: Karolinum, 1977, s. ISBN .

  • Cannell, R. J. P.. Natural Products Isolation.. Totowa : Humana Press, 1998, s. ISBN 978-1-59259-256-2.

  • Harborne J.B.. Phytochemical Methods: a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis.. London : Chapman and Hall, 1998, s. ISBN 978-0-412-57260-9.

  • Colegate, M.S., Molyneux, R.J.. Bioactive natural products: detection, isolation, and structural determination.. Boca Raton: CRC Pres, Taylor & Francis Group., 2008, s. ISBN 9780429127540.

  • Purkait, M.K., Halddar, D., Duarah, P.. Advances in extraction and applications of bioactive Phytochemicals.. London.: Academic Press. Elsevier., 2023, s. ISBN 978-0-443-18535-9.

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
Teaching methods -

Lectures.

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
Requirements to the exam -

The exam is written and consists of 25 questions. Knowledge from the lectures is required to pass the exam.

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
Syllabus -

1. Introduction to phytochemistry
History, definition of terms, importance
2. Strategies for selecting and processing natural material
Collection, storage, sampling, drying and processing
3. Extraction methods I.
Basic extraction methods
4. Extraction methods II.
Advanced extraction methods
5. Introduction to isolation methods of natural substances I.
Introduction to basic procedures in isolation processes, classification of separation techniques
6. Introduction to isolation methods of natural substances II.
Introduction to basic procedures in isolation processes, classification of separation techniques
7. Separation methods in phytochemistry I.
Introduction to separation methods, thin layer chromatography (TLC, HPTLC)
8. Separation methods in phytochemistry II.
Column chromatography, Flash chromatography, VLC
9. Separation methods in phytochemistry III.
Preparative HPLC, countercurrent chromatography (CCC)
10. Crystallization and drying
11. Chemical identification methods
12. Physical methods of identification of natural substances
13. Selected identification methods in phytochemistry III.
Selected tandem analytical methods
14. Evaluation of properties of isolated compounds
Preparation of derivatives of isolated compounds (stability, increase of activity, detection, bioavailability)

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (29.09.2025)
Learning resources

Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany | Intranet FAF

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
Learning outcomes -

A graduate of the subject Phytochemical Methods knows the theoretical principles of isolation and identification of compounds from natural material, starting from the use of an appropriate strategy for selecting plant material, its collection, storage, processing, the use of appropriate extraction and separation methods and the subsequent identification of pure compounds based on chemical, physical and instrumental analytical methods. The graduate has theoretical knowledge for the possible modification of the structures of natural substances to increase their stability, detection and biological activity, or bioavailability.
Learning outcomes:
Based on the acquired knowledge and skills, students will:

  • select and assess the strategy for selecting plant material and its processing for the isolation of substances
  • define factors influencing the extraction processes of compounds from biogenic materiál
  • explain the principles of separation and detection of substances using TLC and HPTLC, their advantages and disadvantages compared to HPLC
  • know the principles, advantages, disadvantages of separation of substances using column chromatography, flash chromatography, preparative HPLC and countercurrent chromatography
  • select and assess the suitability of compound identification using tandem LC/GC-MS methods based on the physicochemical properties of isolated substances
  • know the principles of compound identification by physical and chemical methods
  • are oriented in the preparation of derivatives of isolated compounds (stability, increased activity, detection, bioavailability)
Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
Entry requirements -

Knowledge of oranic and analytical chemistry, instrumental methods.

Last update: Chlebek Jakub, doc. PharmDr., Ph.D. (03.09.2025)
 
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