Biophysics - GB057
Title: Biofyzika
Guaranteed by: Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry (16-16110)
Faculty: Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové
Actual: from 2024
Semester: winter
Points: 0
E-Credits: 6
Examination process: winter s.:written
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:28/28, C+Ex [HS]
Capacity: unlimited / unlimited (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Explanation: (ZB, prez.1.r.)
Note: course can be enrolled in outside the study plan
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: Mgr. Monika Kuchařová, Ph.D.
Classification: Pharmacy >
Examination dates   WS schedule   
Annotation -
The course Biophysics provides students with a basic view of the structure of matter and its properties from a physical point of view. The aim of the course is to equip students with the necessary theoretical knowledge, which is also important for describing the behaviour of various dosage forms in the body, and also introduces them to the biophysical principles of physiological processes of the human body. The content of the course also aims to teach students the basics of laboratory technology, including the correct habits for conducting experiments, to familiarize them with instruments for measuring fundamental physical properties and to teach them the basics of scientific work. The topics are selected so that students can use the knowledge gained here in other subjects of study. Biophysics as a preparatory subject provides an optimal theoretical and experimental basis for the education of students at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University across all areas of their studies Topics: Structure of matter, states of matter and intermolecular forces, radioactivity, dosimetry - biological effects of ionizing radiation, risks of radiation, free radicals, introduction to thermodynamics, gases, thermodynamics I – thermodynamic laws, phase equilibrium, one-, two- and multi-component systems, thermodynamics II – chemical equilibrium, fluid mechanics, hydrodynamics, solid mechanics, basics of rheology
Last update: Kuchařová Monika, Mgr., Ph.D. (18.09.2024)
Course completion requirements - Czech

Podmínkou udělení zápočtu je splnění následujících podmínek:

1. Absolvování všech úloh v praktických cvičeních, které posluchači přísluší podle rozvrhu. Úlohy zameškané z jakéhokoli důvodu je třeba nahradit ve zvlášť určených termínech.

2. Úspěšné odevzdání protokolů z absolvovaných úloh.

 

 Podmínkou úspěšného zakončení předmětu je složení zkoušky. Skládá se z otázek, které jsou vybírány z témat jednotlivých přednášek. Na tyto otázky studenti odpovídají písemně. K úspěšnému složení zkoušky je potřeba získat alespoň 30 bodů z celkového počtu 50 bodů.

Last update: Kuchařová Monika, Mgr., Ph.D. (18.09.2024)
Literature - Czech

Doporučená:

  • Moodle_kurz biofyzika
  • Studijní materiály
  • Navrátil, L., Rosina J. a kol.. Medicínská biofyzika. Praha: Grada, 2005, s. ISBN 80-247-1152-4.
  • Glaser Roland. Biophysics. New York: Springer, 2012, s. ISBN 978-3-662-49596-4.
  • Kuchařová M., Bárta P., Nováková V.. Praktická cvičení z biofyziky. Praha: Karolinum , 2021, s. ISBN 978-80-246-4987-0.
  • Breviář z fyzikální chemie
  • Vacík, Jiří. Obecná chemie. Praha: Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, 2017, 283 s. ISBN 978-80-7444-050-2.
  • Atkins Peter, de Paula Julio. Fyzikální chemie. Praha: Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická, 2013, s. ISBN 9788070808306.

Last update: prepocet_literatura.php (19.09.2024)
Syllabus -

Structure of matter

Forms of matter, force interactions, particles of matter, structure of atom, physico - chemical properties of molecules and their structure, biopolymers and their structure, dispersion systems and their properties

State of matter and intermolecular forces

Description of gases, liquids and solids from the point of view of the atomic hypothesis, properties of gases, liquids and solids, influence of intermolecular interactions on states of matter

 Radioactivity

Definition, characterization, radioactive decay process, activity, physical half-life, proton/nucleon number, isotope, isobar, isotone, isomer, radioactive decay, types of radioactive radiation, interaction of ionizing radiation with nuclei and shells of atoms, nuclear reactions

Dosimetry – biological effects of ionizing radiation

Characterization of the response of living systems to radiation, direct and indirect effects of radiation, radiosensitivity, deterministic and stochastic effects of radiation, dosimetric definitions

Free radicals

Definition, formation and radical chemistry, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, oxidative stress

Dosimetry – radiation risks

Strategies of protection against ionizing radiation, dose limits, personal dosimeters and detectors of ionizing radiation, possibilities of using radionuclides in therapy and diagnostics, methods of obtaining radionuclides

 Introduction to Thermodynamics – gases

Temperature, properties of gases (ideal gas, real gases), pressure, Boyle's law, Charles' law, ideal gas equation of state, heat, work, compression/expansion of ideal gas-isothermal reversible, against constant pressure, adiabatic, Carnot cycle

Thermodynamics I – thermodynamic laws

Types of thermodynamic systems, energy transfer, 0. thermodynamic law, temperature, state functions, 1. thermodynamic law, concept of internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, Hess's law, standard state, 2. thermodynamic law, concept of entropy, reversible and irreversible processes, general equilibrium conditions, Gibbs and Helmholtz energy, combined formulations of 1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics, 3. law of thermodynamics

Phase equilibria, one-component systems

Gibbs' law of phases, one-component systems, phase diagram, Clausius-Clapeyron equation

Phase equilibria, two- and more-component systems

Two-component systems, Dalton's law, Henry's law, solid-solvent solubility, Raoult's law and its applications, colligative properties, cryoscopy and ebulioscopy, osmotic pressure, three-component systems, Nernst's partition law, extraction, thermal analysis - differential scanning calorimetry

Thermodynamics II – chemical equilibria

Gibbs energy reaction, chemical equilibrium, reaction isotherm, activity, equilibrium constant, dependence of equilibrium constant on temperature, van ́t Hoff's equation

Mechanics of fluids, hydrodynamics

Physical properties of fluids, classification of fluids, flow of ideal and real fluids, equations for ideal and Newtonian fluids, viscosity, equation describing the flow of real liquids

Mechanics of solids, basics of rheology

Physical properties and structure of solids, classification of solid bodies, deformation and mechanical stress, load curve, importance of rheology, rheological division of solids, rheological elementary bodies and rheological models, creep curves

 

Practical trainings

  • Measurement of density
  • Measurement of viscosity
  • Measurement of heat
  • Determination of the relative molecular weight by Rast method
  • Phase equilibria
  • Spectrophotometry
Last update: Kuchařová Monika, Mgr., Ph.D. (24.09.2024)
Learning resources - Czech