Subjects

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Analytical Chemistry - GAF300

Title:	Analytical Chemistry
Guaranteed by:	Department of Analytical Chemistry (16-16140)
Faculty:	Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové
Actual:	from 2024
Semester:	winter
Points:	0
E-Credits:	3
Examination process:	winter s.:
Hours per week, examination:	winter s.:14/42, C [HS]
Capacity:	unlimited / unlimited (unknown)
Min. number of students:	unlimited
4EU+:	no
Virtual mobility / capacity:	no
Key competences:
State of the course:	taught
Language:	English
Teaching methods:	full-time
Level:
Note:	deregister from the credit exam date if a requisite was not fulfilled course can be enrolled in outside the study plan enabled for web enrollment

Guarantor:	doc. Burkhard Horstkotte, M.Sc., Dr.
Comes under:	2.ročník 2024/25 Pharmacy (EN19)
Pre-requisite :	GAF299
Interchangeability :	GAF139
Is co-requisite for:	GAF301, GAF395, GAF302
Is interchangeable with:	GAF139

Examination dates WS schedule

Annotation -

The aim of the subject is to provide the students with firm and sufficiently wide theoretical and methodological fundamentals for pursuing (in a rational way) chemical analysis of inorganic and organic substances. The teaching is focused on the explanation of theoretical aspects of instrumental methods. In practical training individual approach of students to solving analytical problems is required.

Last update: Horstkotte Burkhard, doc., M.Sc., Dr. (02.08.2024)

Course completion requirements -

Credits are base on:

Practical course

Participation in all practical classes – (missing practical must be revisited or it can be substituted if permitted by the teacher)
Compliance with safety rules at work in the laboratory
Submission of all reports of practical exercises
Minimum 66% of points for correct results in practical tasks and for correct answers in the monitoring tests and in the credit test

Last update: Horstkotte Burkhard, doc., M.Sc., Dr. (02.08.2024)

Literature -

Obligatory:

. . In Christian, Gary D., Dasgupta, Purnendu K. Schug, Kevin. Analytical chemistry . Hoboken: Wiley, 2014, s. -. ISBN 978-0-470-88757-8..

Recommended:

. 2005. In Robinson, James W., Frame, Eileen M. Skelly Frame, George M.. Undergraduate instrumental analysis . New York

: M. Dekker, 2005, s. -. ISBN 0-8247-5359-3..

Last update: prepocet_literatura.php (19.09.2024)

Syllabus -

Syllabus – Analytical Chemistry

Types of Analytical reactions

Basic types of analytical reactions. Selectivity and sensitivity of analytical reactions.
Analytical protolytic reactions. Buffers in analytical chemistry. Acids and bases in non-aqueous solvents.
Analytical complex-formation reactions and their equilibrium. Use of complex-formation reactions in analytical chemistry. Masking. Organic complex-formation reagents.
Analytical oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions, their equilibrium and kinetics. Catalytic and induced reaction.
Analytical precipitation reactions and their equilibrium. Extraction equilibrium.

Qualitative inorganic analysis

Detection and determination of selected cations and anions. Colour, precipitation and oxido-reduction identification reaction, group, selective and specific reagents.

Evaluation of qualitative analysis of simple inorganic compound.

Analysis of organic compounds

Methods of organic analysis. Elemental analysis: detection of C, H, N, S, O, and halogens in organic compounds. Determination of C, H, N, S, O, and halogens.
Functional analysis: detection of alcohols, phenols, amines, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, sulphonamides, sulphonic acids, hydrocarbons, nitro- and nitroso-compounds.
Identification and determination of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, amines, aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides, sulphonamides, sulphonic acids, nitro- and nitroso-compounds. Analysis of organic salts.
Solubility of organic compounds - classification system, structure-solubility relationships and their analytical use.

Direct Methods of quantitative analysis

General procedures in quantitative analysis. Sample pre-treatment. Processing and evaluation of results of quantitative analysis.
Fundamentals and types of gravimetric methods.
Titrimetric (volumetric) analysis; direct titration, indirect titration, back-titration. Concentration of volumetric solutions and their standardisation.

Acidimetry and alkalimetry, acid-base indicators, titration in non-aqueous solvents. Chelatometry, chelatometric indicators. Permanganatometry. Iodimetry. Bromatometry. Dichromatometry. Argentometry. Mercurimetry.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - LABORATORY TRAINING PROGRAMME

1) Safety rules. Techniques of qualitative analytical reactions. Group reactions. Selective and specific reactions.

2) Analysis of solution of unknown composition. Detection of Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺, Ba²⁺, Ag⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Fe³⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Al³⁺.

3) Analysis of solution of unknown composition. Detection of SO₄^2-, S₂O₃^2-, PO₄^3-, BO₂^-Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, SCN^-, NO₂^-, NO₃^-.

4) Overall qualitative analysis of a simple solid inorganic compound.

5) Introduction to analysis of organic compounds.

6) Qualitative elemental analysis (detection of C, H, N, S, halogens).

7) Characterisation of an unknown organic compound by solubility test.

8) Detection of functional groups: amines, aldehydes, ketones, esters, carboxylic acids. Detection of functional group in an unknown organic sample.

9) Quantitative analysis – titration methods (introductory seminar, calculations).

10) Alkalimetric titrations. Determination of a strong acid in a liquid sample.

11) Chelatometric titrations. Preparation of a standard solution of disodium edetate. Preparation and standardisation of standard solution of zinc sulphate. Determination of Al³⁺in a liquid sample by back-titration.

12) Iodimetric titrations. Preparation and standardisation of standard solution of sodium thiosulphate. Determination of Cu²⁺ in a solid sample.

Last update: Horstkotte Burkhard, doc., M.Sc., Dr. (02.08.2024)

Sylabus předmětu – analytická chemie

Typy analytických reakcí

Základní typy analytických reakcí. Selektivita a citlivost analytických reakcí. Analytické protolytické reakce. Tlumivé soustavy v analytické chemii. Kyseliny a zásady v nevodných rozpouštědlech.
Analytické komplexotvorné reakce a jejich rovnováha. Využití komplexotvorných reakcí v analytické chemii. Maskování. Organická komplexotvorná činidla.
Analytické oxidačně-redukční reakce, jejich rovnováha kinetika. Katalytické a indukované reakce.
Analytické srážecí reakce a jejich rovnováha. Extrakční rovnováhy.

Kvalitativní anorganická analýza

Důkaz a stanovení vybraných kationtů a aniontů. Barevné, srážecí a oxidoredukční důkazové reakce, skupinová, selektivní a specifická činidla.
Vyhodnocení kvalitativní analýzy jednoduché anorganické sloučeniny.

Analýza organických látek

Metody organické analýzy. Elementární analýza: důkaz C, H, N, S, O halogenů v organických sloučeninách. Stanovení C, H, N, S, O, halogenů.
Funkční analýza: důkaz alkoholů, fenolů, aminů, aldehydů a ketonů, karboxylových kyselin a esterů, amidů a sulfonamidů, sulfonových kyselin, uhlovodíků, nitro- a nitroso-sloučenin.
Identifikace a stanovení uhlovodíků, alkoholů a fenolů, aminů, aldehydů a ketonů, karboxylových kyselin, esterů, amidů a sulfonamidů, sulfonových kyselin, nitro- a nitroso-sloučenin. Analýza organických solí.
Třídy rozpustnosti organických sloučenin. Analytické využití vztahu mezi strukturou a rozpustností.

Přímé metody kvantitativní analýzy

Obecné postupy kvantitativní analýzy. Příprava vzorku k analýze. Zpracování a vyhodnocení výsledků kvantitativní analýzy.
Odměrná stanovení přímá, nepřímá, zpětná. Koncentrace odměrných roztoků a jejich standardizace.
Metody odměrné analýzy. Acidimetrie a alkalimetrie, acidobazické indikátory, titrace v nevodných rozpouštědlech. Chelátometrie, chelátometrické indikátory. Manganometrie. Jodometrie. Bromátometrie. Dichromátometrie. Argentometrie. Merkurimetrie.
Základy a typy vážkových stanovení.

Last update: Horstkotte Burkhard, doc., M.Sc., Dr. (02.08.2024)

Learning outcomes

The subject Analytical Chemistry builds on the knowledge and skills acquired in the subjects: General and Inorganic Chemistry and Organic Chemistry I.

After completing the subject, students will be able to use the following terms in the correct context towards the analytical evaluation of inorganic and organic substances: group, selective and specific proof reactions for inorganic cations and anions; use of the solubility of group reaction products for separation; proof of organic compounds including elemental analysis and proof of functional groups; use of knowledge of solubility and acid-base properties of organic substances for proof of functional groups; volumetric analysis using various chemical principles, method of determining the equivalence point, standardization of volumetric solutions and calculation of content determination using direct, indirect and back titration.

Learning outcomes:

Based on the acquired knowledge and skills, students will:

describe the general procedure for proof of cations and list group reagents for proof of cations including the principle of proof reactions;

describe the general procedure for anion proofs and list the group reagents for anion proofs, describe the principles and evaluation of proof reactions;

describe the general procedure for the analysis of organic substances, including the difference between inorganic and organic qualitative analysis, describe the procedure for elemental analysis, solubility test and proof of functional groups of organic substances;

describe the general procedure for titration with visual indication of the equivalence point, list the three basic types of titrations with regard to the speed and conditions of the chemical reaction, explain the procedure for standardizing volumetric solutions and propose the principle of titration for determining the content of a simple inorganic substance, calculate the content of the substance being determined

Last update: Horstkotte Burkhard, doc., M.Sc., Dr. (25.02.2025)