Pharmacognosy I - GAF035
Title: Pharmacognosy I
Guaranteed by: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany (16-16230)
Faculty: Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové
Actual: from 2024
Semester: summer
Points: 0
E-Credits: 3
Examination process: summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: summer s.:28/28, C [HS]
Capacity: unlimited / 40 (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Explanation: (F, 2.roč.)
Old code: F035
Note: deregister from the credit exam date if a requisite was not fulfilled
course can be enrolled in outside the study plan
enabled for web enrollment
Guarantor: doc. PharmDr. Tomáš Siatka, CSc.
Classification: Pharmacy > Special Core Subjects
Comes under: 2.ročník 2024/25 Pharmacy (EN19)
Co-requisite : GAF369
Pre-requisite : GAF338
Is pre-requisite for: GAF304, GAF148
Examination dates   SS schedule   
Annotation -
The subject provides students with information about therapeutics of natural origin (plants, microorganisms, animals products) in the term of knowledge of chemical structures of active substances, their biosynthesis, possibilities of their technological obtaining as well as therapeutic applications in human and veterinary medicine.
Last update: Siatka Tomáš, doc. PharmDr., CSc. (19.02.2025)
Course completion requirements -

To pass credit ( 100% presence at practical classes, to pass tests covering lecture topics of Pharmacognosy I, to pass tests covering topics of practical classes, and macroscopic and microscopic identification of natural drugs).

Last update: Siatka Tomáš, doc. PharmDr., CSc. (19.02.2025)
Literature -

Obligatory:

  • Samuelson Gunnar. Drugs of natural origin: a treatise of pharmacognosy . Sweden: Swedish Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2009, s. ISBN 978-91-976510-5-9.

  • Daniel, Mammen. Medicinal plants : chemistry and properties. Enfield, (NH): Science Publishers, 2006, 250 s. ISBN 1-57808-395-8.

  • Study-materials /KFG/ [online]. Dostupné z: https://intranet.faf.cuni.cz

Recommended:

  • Bruneton, Jean. Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, medicinal plants. Paris: Lavoisier, 1995, 915 s. ISBN 2-7430-0028-7.

  • Max Wichtl. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. Stuttgart: Stuttgart: Medpharm Scientific Publishers, 1994, s. ISBN 3-88-763-025-4.

Last update: Siatka Tomáš, doc. PharmDr., CSc. (19.02.2025)
Teaching methods -

Lectures and practical classes.

Last update: Siatka Tomáš, doc. PharmDr., CSc. (19.02.2025)
Syllabus -

Introduction, development of pharmacognosy, basic concepts, position of pharmacognosy in the system of pharmaceutical disciplines, European Pharmacopoeia.

Primary metabolites of plants and their pharmacognostic significance.

Secondary metabolites: Terpenoids I - substances derived from mevalonic acid, biogenesis: basic classification, monoterpenes, iridoids, sesquiterpenes.

Secondary metabolites: Terpenoids II - substances derived from mevalonic acid: diterpenes, triterpenes, steroids, saponins, cardioactive glycosides, tetraterpenes, polyterpenes.

Secondary metabolites: Polyketides: aliphatic (fats, oils, waxes), aromatic (anthraquinone and dianthrone derivatives). Phloroglucinol derivatives. Cannabinoids.

Secondary metabolites: Shikimates: biogenesis, classification: phenylpropanoids, lignans, coumarins, benzoic acid derivatives, simple phenols, simple naphthoquinones.

Secondary metabolites: Shikimates with participation of the polyketide pathway: flavonoids, flavonolignans, tannins, arylalkanones, stilbenes, xanthones.

Secondary metabolites: Alkaloids I: biogenesis, basic classification, alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine, aspartic acid, tyrosine.

Secondary metabolites: Alkaloids II: alkaloids derived from tryptophan, anthranilic acid. Alkaloids and pseudoalkaloids arising from transamination reactions. Xanthine derivatives. Glucosinolates, cyanogenic glycosides, betalaines, sulfur compounds.

Excipients of natural origin.

Vitamins.

Introduction to phytotherapeutic system.

Skin, mucosa, eye.

Last update: Siatka Tomáš, doc. PharmDr., CSc. (19.02.2025)
Learning outcomes

Pharmacognosy I builds on knowledge and skills acquired in the courses: Organic Chemistry I and II, Pharmaceutical Botany I and II.

After completing the course, students will be able to use the following terms (including their commonly used abbreviations) in the correct context related to the identification, analysis, and isolation of plant-based compounds: biosynthesis, primary and secondary metabolites, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, extraction methods, chromatography, distillation, pharmacognostic analysis, bioactive compounds, medicinal plants, pharmaceutical raw materials, macroscopic and microscopic identification, pharmacological activity, bioavailability.

Learning Outcomes:

Based on the acquired knowledge and skills, students will be able to:

  • define biosynthetic pathways leading to the synthesis of primary and secondary metabolites in plants;

  • explain the physicochemical properties of primary and secondary metabolites and their impact on bioavailability and pharmacological activity;

  • classify the main groups and subgroups of secondary metabolites (alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, glycosides, etc.) and describe their biosynthetic origins;

  • select an appropriate isolation method based on the physicochemical properties of a given metabolite;

  • identify herbal drugs based on their macroscopic characteristics (color, texture, shape, odor) and conduct microscopic analysis of medicinal plants;
Last update: Šafratová Marcela, PharmDr., Ph.D. (31.03.2025)