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Characteristics of the immune system, barriers, innate and adaptive immunity, phagocytosis, NK cells, interferons, complement, antigen, MHC system, immune organs and tissues, T and B lymphocytes, antigen presentation, immunoglobulins, primary and secondary immune response, onthogenesis of the immune response, immunosuppression, tolerance, immunopotentiation, immunization - active, passive, laboratory methods, hypersensitivity reactions, atopy, drug hypersensivity, autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiencies, transplantation immunology, tumor immunology, immunology of reproduction.
Last update: Křikavová Lenka, Ing. (09.05.2023)
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Course conditions: The course is finished by credit and examination.
Conditions for obtaining the credit: attendance at seminars. One absence is allowed. Active participation in seminars.
Conditions for passing the exam: 1. Successful passing a computer test. 2. Answering two oral questions. Last update: Nováková Lenka (04.09.2024)
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Abbas A. K., Lichtman A. H. H., Pillai S.: Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune Systém. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012 Doan T., Melvold R., Viselli S., Valtenbaugh C.: Immunology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012 Last update: Křikavová Lenka, Ing. (09.05.2023)
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Questions for the oral exam from Clinical Immunology and Allergology 2024/2025: 1. The immune system and its importance for homeostasis. The innate and adaptive immune mechanisms and their cooperation. Barrier functions of the human body. Components of the immune system (organs, cells, substances) and their functions. 2. Phagocytosis and its importance for immunity. Professional phagocytes. 3. NK cells and interferons – their characteristics and function. 4. Complement – the pathways of complement activation, biological significance, and regulatory mechanisms. 5. Basophils and mast cells and their importance in the immune reactions. 6. Immune mechanisms of inflammation (local and systemic reaction). 7. Antigens, haptens, epitopes, sequestered antigens, immunologically privileged sites. Chemical nature and molecular size of antigens, degree of foreignness. 8. HLA system – genetics, HLA molecules class I and II (their structure and function). Antigen processing and presentation. Antigen-presenting cells – types, functions. 9. T lymphocytes – development, surface markers, T lymphocyte subpopulations, and their functions. 10. Th1 and Th2 immune response. 11. Immune response based on Tc lymphocytes. 12. B lymphocytes – development, surface markers, functions. 13. Immunoglobulins – structure and function, genetic basis of immunoglobulin production, antibody isotype switching. Idiotypes and anti-idiotypes. Immunological memory. 14. Antibody-based immune response. Primary and secondary immune response. 15. Defense against pathogens (extracellular and intracellular bacteria, viruses, fungi, unicellular and multicellular parasites) 16. Physiological immune regulatory mechanisms. Cytokines (overview, functional classification). Transcription factors. 17. Anti-tumor immunity – tumor antigens, anti-tumor immune mechanisms, tumor resistance mechanisms. 18. Transplantation immunity – alloimmune reactions, types and mechanisms of rejections, strategies and possibilities of rejection prevention, GVHD reactions. 19. Immunological examination before transplantation (recipient pretransplant sensitization, HLA typing). 20. Laboratory methods in immunology – principle and use of agglutination and precipitation (methodology, analytes). 21. Laboratory methods of assessment of cell-mediated immunity. Flow cytometry – principle, use. 22. Detection of autoantibodies – methods, diagnostic use. 23. Detection of specific antibodies – IgG, IgE – methods, diagnostic use. 24. Immunopathological reactions according to Gell and Coombs. Pathophysiological principles. Clinical examples. 25. IgE and non-IgE mediated allergies – pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical examples. 26. IgE-mediated allergies – allergens and allergenic molecules. 27. Diagnostic procedures for allergies. 28. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis – mechanisms, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 29. Allergic bronchial asthma – mechanisms, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 30. Exogenous allergic alveolitis – mechanisms, causes, manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 31. Anaphylaxis – causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 32. Atopic eczema – pathogenetic factors, manifestations, treatment. 33. Allergic and non-allergic urticaria – manifestations, triggering factors, diagnosis, treatment. 34. IgE-mediated food allergy – the most common triggering foods, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 35. Non-IgE mediated food allergies and food intolerances – examples, triggering foods, diagnosis, treatment. 36. Allergies to drugs, drug intolerance – the most common triggering drugs, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management. 37. Allergy to Hymenoptera venoms – manifestations, diagnosis, treatment. 38. Autoimmune diseases – autoimmune reaction, causes of onset, stages of development. 39. Autoimmune diseases – classification, diagnostic techniques, autoantibodies, treatment. 40. Systemic autoimmune diseases – systemic lupus erythematosus (clinical manifestation, diagnostic, and treatment options). 41. Systemic autoimmune diseases – Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis (clinical manifestation, diagnostic, and treatment options). 42. Systemic autoimmune diseases – dermatopolymyositis, scleroderma, vasculites, mixed connective tissue disease (clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment options). 43. Organ-specific autoimmune diseases – disease examples, diagnosis, and treatment options. 44. Organ-localized autoimmune diseases – disease examples, diagnosis, and treatment options. 45. Immunodeficiency – definition, classification, clinical manifestation. 46. Characteristic clinical signs and symptoms of immunodeficiency. 47. Primary immunodeficiency in children. 48. Primary immunodeficiency in adults. 49. Hereditary angioedema – types, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment. 50. Secondary immunodeficiency – etiology, clinical manifestation, treatment. 51. Treatment of primary immunodeficiency – bone marrow transplantation, substitution, and biological treatment, gene therapy. 52. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy.
Last update: Nováková Lenka (05.09.2024)
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Syllabus of lectures of the course Clinical Immunology UNIMEC I - azure auditorium - small and Allergology for students in the 4th year of general medicine 2024/2025 9.50 am - 12.20 pm
prof. MUDr. Petr Panzner, CSc. 7. 10. 2024 Introduction to the subject Clinical Immunology and Allergology, the physiological functions of the immune system, an overview of basic mechanisms, cooperation of immune systems and mechanisms, an overview of immunopathology, primary manifestations, and diagnostic and treatment approaches in general.
Mgr. Jitka Ochotná 14. 10. 2024 Basic mechanisms in more detail – phagocytosis, natural killers, complement, inflammation, T and B lymphocytes, antibodies, HLA system, cytokines, transcription factors, Th1 and Th2 response, Tc response, isotype switching.
Mgr. Jitka Ochotná ONLINE Primary and secondary immune response, defense against extracellular and intracellular pathogens, viruses, multicellular parasites, antitumor immunity, transplant immunology (types of rejection, GVHD).
prof. MUDr. Petr Panzner, CSc. 21. 10. 2024 Immunopathological reactions in the context of allergic diseases, allergic respiratory and skin diseases, acute allergic reactions – diagnosis, treatment.
MUDr. Martin Liška, Ph.D. ONLINE Primary and secondary immunodeficiency – epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment. Food allergies and intolerances (including celiac disease), drug reactions in the context of allergies.
MUDr. Martina Vachová, Ph.D. 4. 11. 2024 Autoimmune diseases – introduction to autoimmunity, classification, and examples of the most important diseases from the point of view of an immunologist. Hereditary angioedema.
Last update: Nováková Lenka (05.09.2024)
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https://lms.lfp.cuni.cz/course/view.php?id=378
Last update: Křikavová Lenka, Ing. (09.05.2023)
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Course conditions: The course is finished by credit and examination.
Conditions for obtaining the credit: attendance at seminars. One absence is allowed. Active participation in seminars.
Conditions for passing the exam: 1. Successful passing a computer test. 2. Answering two oral questions. Last update: Nováková Lenka (04.09.2024)
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