Biophysics - DA01010332
Title: Biophysics
Guaranteed by: Department of Biophysics (13-714)
Faculty: Second Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2015
Semester: winter
Points: 7
E-Credits: 7
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:2/2, C+Ex [HT]
Extent per academic year: 14 [weeks]
Capacity: unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: full-time
Teaching methods: full-time
Level:  
Guarantor: prof. RNDr. Evžen Amler, CSc.
Classification: Medicine > Basic Sciences
Is pre-requisite for: DA0103337, DA0103163, DA0103446, DA0103164
Examination dates   WS schedule   Noticeboard   
Annotation
Physical background of biological processes. Interaction of physical fields and ionizing radiation with organism. Basic medical instruments.
Last update: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)
Course completion requirements

Exam

Last update: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)
Literature

  1. AMLER, Evžen. Chapters from biophysics. Prague: Institute of Biophysics, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, 2006. ISBN 978-80-239-8173-5.

  2. HRAZDIRA, Ivo, Vojtěch MORNSTEIN and Aleš BOUREK. Biophysical principles of medical technology. Brno: Masaryk University, Medical faculty, 2000. ISBN 978-80-210-2414-4.

  3. VÍTEK, František. Lectures on medical biophysics. Prague: Karolinum, 2004. ISBN 978-80-246-0893-8.

  4. ALBERTS, Bruce et al. Essential Cell Biology. Fifth edition. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2019. ISBN 978-0-393-68037-9.

  5. general physics overview (e.g. YOUNG, Hugh D. and Roger A. FREEDMAN. University physics with modern physics. 15th edition. Hoboken, N.J.: Pearson Higher Education, 2020. ISBN 978-0-13-515955-2.)

  6. http://hyperphysics.gsu.edu/hbase/index.html

  7. Study sources in the Moodle system (password for access will be provided)

Last update: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)
Requirements to the exam

  • Credit

  • Credit Requirements:

    • Attandance in Exercises

    • Completion of Practice in Biophysics

    • Seminar Work

Last update: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)
Syllabus

Syllabus of Biophysics course 1st year of MD curriculum in general medicine follows:

  1. Biomechanical properties of connective tissues

  2. Harmonic motion (kinetics, dynamics, energy; Hooke's law)

  3. Mechanics of solid body (elasticity, elastic properties, Young's modulus)

  4. Ideal fluid Bernoulli's equation, equation of continuity, diffusion, osmosis

  5. Real fluids and blood circulation (hydrodynamics of blood circulation, blood flow)

  6. Viscosity of liquids and blood (laminar flow, Poiseuille's law, affecting factors)

  7. Blood pressure and methods of its measurement

  8. Mechanical oscillation, longitudinal and transverse oscillation, Fourier transform

  9. Principle of sound propagation, speed of sound propagation, acoustic speed, acoustic pressure

  10. Acoustic impedance, sound intensity, level of sound intensity, perception of intensity

  11. Biophysics of the auditory apparatus, audible area (threshold of hearing, threshold of pain)

  12. Infrasound, ultrasound; sources and effects on organism

  13. Principles of diagnostic and therapeutical application of ultrasound

  14. Propagation of ultrasound in the organism, behavior at the boundary

  15. Ultrasonic examination methods Doppler sonography, shock waves, principle of lithotripsy

  16. Electric field, electric current, effects of electric and magnetic field on organism

  17. Magnetic field and comparison of a magnetic and electric fields

  18. Interaction of magnetic field with living matter; magnetotherapy

  19. Physiological effect of electric current; iontophoresis and galvanization, galvanism, electrostimulation, high-frequency electrosurgery

  20. Nuclear magnetic resonance; principle, application, benefits

  21. Electromagnetic spectrum, propagation of light, transmission, absorption, reflection

  22. Quantum optic, photons, absorption and emission spectra

  23. Magnifying glass, optical microscopy principle, telescopes, optical fibers

  24. Eye as an optical system - physical characteristics optical eye defects and correction

  25. Eye as a light detector, biophysics of vision

  26. Color of light, perception and sensitivity

  27. Atom structure

  28. Forms of ionizing radiation, their origin X-ray (RTG) radiation, origin, properties and applications

  29. Characteristics of X-rays, possibility of their modification

  30. Natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation

  31. Fundamental principles of interaction of radiation with the environment Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter

  32. Biological effects of ionizing radiation, radionuclides in medicine

  33. Thermodynamic system, state quantities; internal energy, heat, work

  34. First and second law of thermodynamics Entropy in living organisms

  35. Measurement of temperature, thermometry, thermography, general types of thermometers, medical thermometers

  36. Thermal well-being of an organism, regulation of temperature in the organism, hyperthermia and cryotherapy

  37. Biophysical principle of energy transformation in the mitochondrial membrane

  38. Biophysical basis of ATP synthesis at the ATP synthase

  39. Structure of biomembranes

  40. Laser – principle, characteristics and properties of a beam Application of laser radiation, lasers in medicine

  41. Cytometry (flow cytotometry, cell-sorting, FACS)

  42. Endoscopy principle

  43. Optical microscopes (microscope for transmitted and incident light, phase contrast, polarization microscope, fluorescence microscope)

  44. Electron microscope

  45. Fluorescence spectroscopy (steady-state spectroscopy, quenching of fluorescence, lifetimes of the excited state, fluorescence polarization, fluorophores)

  46. Principle of imaging methods based on ionizing radiation (RTG, PET, SPECT, CT)

  47. Principle of imaging methods based on non-ionizing radiation (sonography, thermography, MRI)

  48. Biosignals

  49. Electrical manifestation of organism and their subsystems

  50. Electrodes; artefacts Native record, provocation and stimulation

  51. Biosignal processing and analysis; channel

  52. Differential amplifiers and integrations of inputs

  53. Electrocardiography Electroencephalography Cardiostimulation, defibrillation, electroconvulsive therapy

  54. Tissue engineering principle and controlled drug delivery

Last update: Tejral Gracian, Mgr., Ph.D. (30.09.2021)