Biology and genetics - CNSKBI1
Title: Biologie a genetika
Guaranteed by: Department of Medical Genetics 3FM CU (12-GEN)
Faculty: Third Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2023
Semester: winter
Points: 2
E-Credits: 2
Examination process: winter s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:0/10, C [HS]
Capacity: unknown / unknown (unknown)
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
Key competences:  
State of the course: not taught
Language: Czech
Teaching methods: combined
Level:  
Guarantor: RNDr. Zdeňka Polívková
Examination dates   Schedule   
Annotation -
Subject "Biology" is a part of bachelor´s study "Nursing - General Nurse" (combined study) in the 1st year. This study give the basic knowledge of molecular and cell biology, general and clinical genetics.
Last update: Polívková Zdeňka, RNDr. (24.10.2008)
Aim of the course -

Students will be able to understand principles of heredity of human diseases, they will know the most frequent genetic diseases and chromosomal abnormalities. They will be able to understand bases of diseases origin, the role of environmental factors, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of environmental factors, they will understand biological mechanisms of tumor origin, basis of immunity. Students will have concrete knowledge about possibilities of prevention of genetic diseases, about methods of genetic counselling, primary and secondary prevention, prenatal diagnosis and this problems explain to the patient.

Last update: Polívková Zdeňka, RNDr. (12.08.2008)
Literature -

Pritchard D. J. & Korf B. R.: Základy lékařské genetiky, 2. české vydání, Galén Praha 2021, ISBN 978-80-7492-513-9

Kočárek E.: Genetika, Scientia 2005

http://dl.cuni.cz/ heslo genetika (prezentace k jednotlivým tematům + vypracované opory modulu Všeobecná sestra)

http://genetika.wz.cz/

http://medgen.genetics.utah.edu/

Last update: Černá Marie, prof. MUDr., DrSc. (17.06.2022)
Teaching methods -

lectures + seminars

Last update: Polívková Zdeňka, RNDr. (12.08.2008)
Requirements to the exam -

Multiple choice test with 17 questions, each question = 3 points, minimal number of points for credit = 30.

Last update: Polívková Zdeňka, RNDr. (12.08.2008)
Syllabus -
  • Molecuar biology, cell biology: Nucleic acids, structure, types and function, gene structure, genetic code, properties of genetic code, replication, transcription, translation. Cell and cell structure, cell cycle, morphology and chromosome ultrastructure and function, cell division: mitosis, meiosis, spermiogenesis, oogenesis, fertilisation, abnormalities of division and fertilisation.
  • General genetics, basis of clinical genetics: basic genetic expressions, Mendel´s principles, gene linkage, heredity of genetic diseases, monogenic and polygenic autosomal and gonosomal heredity, polygenic heredity, examples of hereditary diseases, risks of hereditary diseases, calculations of risks. Immunogenetics: heredity of blood groups, HLA antigens, genetic determination of antibodies formation.
  • Genotoxicology: Mutagenesis: types of mutations and mutations consequences, physical, chemical and biological mutagens. Carcinogenesis: cell cycle regulation, protooncogens, tumor suppressor genes-its role and concequences of mutations in this genes, chromosomal changes in tumors, carcinogens, relations between mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Teratogenesis: mechanisms of origin of fetal malformations, teratogens.
  • Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg law, conditions for H.-W. equilibrium and its use in clinical genetics, factors disturbing H.-W. equilibrium.
  • Clinical cytogenetics: inborn chromosomal abnormalities numerical and structural, causes of chromosomal abnormalities origin, consequences of chromosomal abnormalities, indications for prenatal and postnatal chromosomal examinations, examples of the most frequent chromosomal abnormalities.
  • Genetic counselling, preconceptional and prenatal care, genealogy, cytogenetic and molecular genetic methods, prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis - methods, indications, ethic problems in genetics.
  • Ecology: basic ecological problems, influence of environmental factors on human health.

Last update: Polívková Zdeňka, RNDr. (12.08.2008)