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Course, academic year 2024/2025
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Pathophysiology - B83161 (General Medicine - English parallel)
Title: Pathophysiology
Guaranteed by: Institute of Pathological Physiology First Faculty of Medicine Charles University (11-00180)
Faculty: First Faculty of Medicine
Actual: from 2024
Semester: winter
Points: 13
E-Credits: 13
Examination process: winter s.:
summer s.:
Hours per week, examination: winter s.:4/3, C [HT]
summer s.:2/3, C+Ex [HT]
Extent per academic year: 180 [hours]
Capacity: unlimited
Min. number of students: unlimited
4EU+: no
Virtual mobility / capacity: no
State of the course: taught
Language: English
Teaching methods: full-time
Additional information: https://patofyziologie.lf1.cuni.cz/en/pathophysiology
Guarantor: prof. MUDr. Martin Vokurka, CSc.
Comes under: Compulsory for GM 3.y._24/25
Attributes: Lékařství
Teoretický předmět
Co-requisite : B83121
Pre-requisite : B83119, B83120
Interchangeability : B80385
Is pre-requisite for: B83607, B80613, B80128, B80114, B80402, B80120, B80118, B80760, B80762, B83007, B80410, B80304, B80305, B80579, B80307, B80602, B80084, B80082, B80122, B80123, B82105, B80116, B80078, B80098, B80126, B80033, B81311, B80791, B80080, B80121, B83011, B80308, B80113
Is interchangeable with: B80385
Annotation
Pathophysiology is a bridge between theoretical medical subjects and clinical studies. Pathophysiology studies changes in the human body as influenced by various diseases. It collects data regarding the causes of various diseases and data regarding the functional changes occurring in various organs systems, organs, tissues and cells.
Last update: Špácová Marika, DiS. (13.01.2025)
Aim of the course

The course of the pathological physiology consists from lectures and seminars.

Students are motivated to actively participate in the teaching during seminars and some home work with the aim to prepare them for continuous studies of pathophysiology during their clinical studies and as a part of the continuous medical education.

The two semester course deals with pathophysiology of different organ systems of the body, roughly corresponding to clinical specialization, particularly in the internal medicine. General mechanism causing and underlying diseases are included into the teaching curriculum.

Last update: Špácová Marika, DiS. (13.01.2025)
Requirements to the exam

The required extent of knowledge for the final exam is determined by the textbook, the content of lectures and seminars, and the list of exam questions.

For further informations you may contact: radmila.korhonova@lf1.cuni.cz 

Last update: Feberová Jitka, MUDr., Ph.D. (19.09.2021)
Syllabus
Lectures - winter semester
Pathophysiology. Historical perspective. Definition of health and disease. Understanding of disease etiology and pathogenesis at organ, cellular and molecular level.

Stress reactions and inflammation

Pathophysiology of development, growth, and aging

Pathogenetic mechanisms in development of genetic disorders. (Functionsal consequences of pathologic gene variants)

Disorders of immunity

Pathophysiology of tumorgenesis

Pathophysiology of blood disorders. Hematopoietic stem cell. Bone marrow failure. Clonal hematopoiesis - development of pathologic clone

Myeloproliferative diseases: CML, AML, MDS

Immunohematology. Pathophysiology of posttransfusion reactions. Bone marrow transplantation and pathophysiology of posttransplantation reactions.

Anemia and polycythemia

Lymphoproliferative disease: lymphomas, CLL, myeloma and amyloidoses

Pathophysiology of hemostasis disorders. Hemorrhagic diathesis. Trombophilia.

Tissue hypoxia. Pathophysiological basis of oxygenotherapy.

Pathophysiology of cardiovascular system.Blood pressure. Arterial hypertension.

Heart insufficiency and heart failure.

Congenital heart disease. Valvular diseases.

Heart insufficiency and heart failure.

Coronary heart disease. Myocardial infarction.

Etiology and pathogenesis of arrhythmia

Pathophysiology in clinical cardiology

Pathophysiology of respiratory system. Respiratory insuficiency.

Disorders of ventilation perfusion matching

Pathogenesis of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Disturbances of ventilation mechanics - obstruction and restriction lung disease. Lung fibrosis.

Pathophysiology of renal disorders. Disturbances of glomerulal and tubular functions

Pathophysiology of acute renal failure

Pathophysiology of chronic renal insufficiency and failure. Chronic kidney disease.

Disorders of the acid-base chemistry, influence of respiration, lungs and altered metabolism

Pathophysiology in the clinical nephrology

Disturbances of water and mineral balance. Edemas.

Seminars - winter semester:

Introduction, General pathophysiology

Interactive seminars - general pathophysiology

Diagnostic approaches in hematology - pathophysiological aspects I.

Diagnostic approaches in hematology - pathophysiological aspects II.

Examination of blood clotting - pathophysiological aspects

Diagnostic approaches in cardiology I - haemodynamics

Diagnostic approaches in cardiology II - myocardial ischemia / arrhythmias

TEST - General pathophysiology, Hematology

Interactive seminars - ECG analysis / Cardiology case report

Diagnostic approaches in respiratory disease

Mineral Metabolism

Acid-base balance

Diagnostic approaches in renal disease - pathophysiological aspects

TEST - Cardiology, Respiration,

Interactive seminars - kidney, respiration, internal environment

Special seminars - winter semester:

Block seminars I:

Iron, sideropenic anemia, iron overload

Patophysiology of shock

Patophysiology of acute hemostatic disturbances (DIC, DVT, PE)

Block seminars II:
Cardiological Case Reports

Pathophysiology of intoxication (poisoning)

Pathogenesis of diseases with bronchial obstruction

Pathophysiology of respiration and hemodynamics using simulation models

Lectures - summer semester:
Pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal system. Pathophysiology of oral cavity and oesophagus. Dysphagias. Gastroesophageal reflux

Gastric pathophysiology. Peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis.

Liver and bile duct disease. Disorders of exocrine pancreas.

Disorders of small and large intestines, malabsorption syndromes. Disorders of exocrine pancreas.

Obesity

Pathophysiology of the endocrine system. Disturbances of endocrine regulations. Disorders of hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands

Disorders of endocrine pancreas. Diabetes mellitus.

Disorders of thyroid gland and parathyroid bodies

Disorders of reproduction

Pathophysiology of the neurolgical and musuloskeletal disorders. Patophysiology of Consciousness

Stroke

Common Syndromes in Neurosciences

Neurological case reports

Pathophysiology of musculoskeletal system, bone and muscle disease

Seminars - summer semester:

Assessment of GIT function - esophageal, stomach, and intestinal diseses

Assessment of GIT functions - pancreas and liver diseases

Interactive seminar - GIT

Student presentation I - molecular mechanisms of diseases

Test - GIT, Internal environment, Kidney

Special seminars (block IV. - K,L,M) see topic

Special seminars (block IV. - K,L,M) see topic

Special seminars (block IV. - K,L,M) see topic

Student presentation II - molecular mechanisms of diseases

Assessment of endocrine diseases

Acute complications of DM - Case reports

Student presentation III - molecular mechanisms of diseases / Case reports

Assessment of neurological disease

Test - Endocrinology, neurology;

Credit

Special seminars - summer semester:

Block seminars III:

Interactive seminar: Spirometry (practical approach and case reports)

Neurology I: pathophysiology of pain / epilepsy

Animal models of diseases

Block seminars IV:
Interactive seminar (SIM) - acute medicine - Fyziologický ústav 1. LF, Albertov 5, Praha 2

Neurology II: Pathophysiology of senses / diagnostics

Failure of immune tolerance - pathophysiology and case report

Block seminars V:
Case Reports

Interactive seminars (ICU) - Interactive pathophysiology (computer simulation)

Systhemic imflammatory response syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome

Biochemistry and pathophysiology of bone and osteporosis

Last update: Špácová Marika, DiS. (13.01.2025)
 
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