Introduction to Psychometrics - APS100100
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The course teaches students to critically evaluate psychological tests and to use their manuals appropriately. Key topics in this context are item analysis, reliability, validity and test standardization, including the development of appropriate norms. As part of the development of this skill, each student needs to be able to construct his/her own psychological test or diagnostic procedure and validate its psychometric properties. Emphasis will be placed on understanding classical and modern psychometric approaches. Attention will also be given to how to verify and integrate the information found into the final psychological report.
Course Goal: To acquire knowledge, skills and other competencies important for understanding psychological testing. Acquired knowledge: the student is able to list the basic criteria, resources, possibilities and procedures important in the evaluation of the quality of psychodiagnostic methods, especially those of tests (reliability, validity, norms, standardization, etc.) Acquired skills: the student is able to verify the basic psychometric characteristics of his/her own test and is able to transfer already established diagnostic methods from abroad to the Czech environment; to evaluate the agreement of assessors and observers, to calculate the specificity and sensitivity for different cut off skins in a selected clinical situation; after a correctly performed diagnostic examination, the student is able to integrate the findings, either quantitatively or qualitatively into a diagnostic conclusion, is able to recognize a quality diagnostic report. Course content: classical test theory - different models. Reliability calculations: measurement theory, general definition of reliability, reliability estimates and methods of calculating them, Spearman Brown formula, measurement error. Items, their types, basic principles of test construction: working with distractors, use of different types of scales, univariate vs. multivariate tests. Basic overview of the most used psychological tests: main breakdowns, advantages and disadvantages of different types of tests. Item analysis: item difficulty, item discrimination, item correlation with HS, external criterion, inter-item correlation, basics of IRT. Factor analysis in psychodiagnostics: factor equation, loading, communalities, factor eigenvalue, factor rotation, principles of factor number selection. Norm and normality: population norm, criterion norm and other types of norms, norm generation, Q classification. Judger agreement: as an estimate of reliability in observation and judgment, agreement coefficient, kappa coefficient. Sensitivity and specificity of tests: cut off scores, ROC curves, AUC (area under curve). Calculations of different types of validity, examples of specific validation studies for different diagnostic methods. Last update: Dragomirecká Eva, PhDr., Ph.D. (06.11.2023)
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Creation of own diagnostic methods, verification of their basic psychometric qualities and preparation of a brief manual for this method. Demonstration of knowledge and skills in the topics covered in psychometrics in an oral examination. Last update: Dragomirecká Eva, PhDr., Ph.D. (13.10.2023)
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Furr, R. M. (2021). Psychometrics: an introduction. SAGE publications. Standards of Psychological and Educational Testing of the American Psychological Association (2001). Anastasi, A. (1988). Psychological testing (6th ed.). New York: Macmillan. Cronbach, J.L. (1990). Essentials of psychological testing (5th ed.). New York: Harper and Row Co. Groth-Marnat, G. (2003). Handbook of psychological assessment. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons Last update: Dragomirecká Eva, PhDr., Ph.D. (16.10.2023)
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