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Last update: T_AUUK (17.05.2012)
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Last update: T_AUUK (17.05.2012)
This comprehensive lecture offers introduction to the basic parts of astronomy and astrophysics on a level of practical information, theoretical studies are left to the more advanced lectures, e.g. Celestial Mechanics, Cosmic Plasma Physics, Relativistic Physics etc. |
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Last update: doc. RNDr. Marek Wolf, CSc. (07.06.2019)
Written and oral examination. |
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Last update: T_AUUK (17.05.2012)
Astronomická příručka, Academia Praha 1992 Meeus J.: Astronomische Algorithmen, J.A.Barth Leipzig 1992 (2. vydání) (upravený překlad podle 1. vydání - Pokorný Z.: Astronomické algoritmy pro kalkulátory, Hvězdárna a planetárium hl.m. Prahy, 1988, skriptum) Andrle P.: Základy nebeské mechaniky, Academia Praha 1971 Green R.M.: Spherical astronomy, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985
Bradt H.: Astronomy Methods, Cambridge University Press, 2004 Howell S.B.: Handbok of CCD Astronomy, Cambridge Observing Handbooks, 2000 Scott Birney D., Gonzales G., Oesper D.: Observational Astronomy, Cambridge, 2006 Starck, Murtagh: Astronomical Image and Data Analysis, Springer 2002 Sterken, Manfroid: Astronomical Photometry, ASSL 175, Kluwer, Dordrecht 1992 Walker, G.: Astronomical Observations - An Optical Perspective, CUP 1987 Wilson, R.N.: Reflecting Telescope Optics I, II, A&A Library, Springer 1996
Bohm-Vitense E.: Stellar Astrophysics, Vol. 1, Basic Stellar Observations and Data, Vol. 3, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Cambridge 1989 Carroll B.W., Ostlie D.A.: Modern Astrophysics, Addison-Wesley, 196 Karttunen H. et al.: Fundamental Astronomy, Springer 2003
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Last update: T_AUUK (17.05.2012)
Přednáška s cvičením |
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Last update: doc. Mgr. Josef Ďurech, Ph.D. (20.06.2019)
according to syllabus |
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Last update: T_AUUK (04.06.2013)
1. Coordinate systems in astronomy, spherical coordinates, transformation matrices. 2. Computing ephemerides: Solution of the undisturbed two-body problem (orbits = conic sections, Kepler's laws). Perturbations, restricted circular three-body problem. 3. Astrometry. Effects influencing coordinates - refraction, paralaxes, aberration, proper motion, precession, nutation, polar motion. Observing instruments for astrometry on observatories and satellites. Doppler effect. 4. Determining and distributing exact time. Sidereal time, equation of equinoxes. True and mean solar time, time equation. Atomic time, times UT1, UTC, TDT/TT, TDB, GPS. Julian date and its modifications. 5. Describing motions of the solar systém bodies: Planets, Moon, asteroids. Eclipses and occultations. 6. Calculation of orbital elements from observed positions: Laplace method (from initial conditions of position and velocity in cartesian coordinates), Gauss method (from 3 positions of an asteroid on the sky, from more positions), Olbers method (from 3 positions of a comet on parabolic orbit). 7. Units in astronomy and astrophysics, history of definitions. Units in photometry. 8. Electromagnetic radiation, black body radiation - laws. 9. Classical methods of stellar observations. Spectral classification, luminosity classes, n-dimensional classification, Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD), colour diagram for globular and open clusters. 10. Evolution of stars in HRD. Classification of variable stars and their location in HRD. Pulsating variables - Cepheids, RR Lyr stars, mirids and irregular variables. Relation period-luminostity, determining distances using cepheids. Baade-Wesselink method. Flare stars - novae, supernovae. Light curves, spectra, radial velocities. 11. Eclipsing binaries, spectroscopic and visual double stars. Exoplanets. 12. Our Galaxy. Structure, kinematics and dynamics, rotation. Oort constants. Galactic core. 13. Galaxies and quasars. Hubble classification of galaxies. Active galaxies. BL Lac objects. Radio observation of galaxies, relativistic jets. 14. Optical systems of telescopes: Newton, Cassegrain, Gregory, Schmidt, Maksutov … Principles of mechanical construction of telescopes and how they are controlled. Active and adaptive optics. Telescopes in space - IUE, IRAS, HST, HIPPARCOS, Kepler … 15. Photometry. Detectors - human eye, photographic emulsion, photomultiplyer, CCD. Photometric systems. Ultraviolet and infrared photometry. Filters, systemUBVRI. Differential and absolute photometry. Extinction. Calibrations. Evaluation of photometric measurements. 16. Spectroscopy. Principles, prisma and grid spectrum. Dispersion curve. Spectrograph. Microphotometer. Reference spectrum. Non-conventional spectroscopy. Atlantes, tables of spectral lines. Methods of processing and evaluation of spectra. Radial velocities. 17. Radioastronomy. Antennes. Receivers. Point sources and extended sources, continuous and line spectra. Interferometry, apperture synthesis, VLBI. Radar equation. 18. Ultraviolet, X-ray and gamma astronomy. 19. Instruments in solar physics. Helioscopic eyepiece, coelostat, solar spectrograph, coronograph. 20. Properties and detection of polarized light. Stokes parameters. Polarimeter, Wollaston polarizator. 21. Detection of cosmic rays, meutrinos and gravitational waves. Project LIGO.
Practical exercises (0/2) comprise:
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