Evoluce humoru a smyslu pro humor
| Thesis title in Czech: | Evoluce humoru a smyslu pro humor |
|---|---|
| Thesis title in English: | Evolution of Humor and Sense of Humor |
| Academic year of topic announcement: | 2025/2026 |
| Thesis type: | Bachelor's thesis |
| Thesis language: | čeština |
| Department: | Department of Philosophy and History of Science (31-107) |
| Supervisor: | Mgr. Petr Tureček, Ph.D. |
| Author: |
| Preliminary scope of work |
| Smysl pro humor je jednou z několika vzácných lidských univerzálií (Polimeni & Reiss, 2006). Jeho paralely v podobě hravého chování najdeme však i u mnoha zvířat (Winkler & Bryant, 2021). Co však už univerzální není, je schopnost ocenit vtipy různého ražení. Vtipy totiž nepodléhají biologické, ale kulturní evoluci a podle řady teoretiků slouží mimo jiné k tomu, aby si lidé, kteří se navzájem neznají, rychle ověřili, že pochází z podobného kulturního okruhu, či jsou si jinak nenáhodně podobní, a mohou spolu tedy k oboustrannému prospěchu sdílet i cenné (či choulostivé) informace (Flamson & Barrett, 2008). Práce si klade za cíl prozkoumat klasické (inkongurenční, dominanční, subversivní (Kolman, 2020)) a evolučně zakotvené teorie gagu a humoru (Dynel, 2013; Gervais & Wilson, 2005) a systematizovat jejich soulady a rozpory s přihlédnutím k dostupným výsledkům empirického zkoumání. Dynel, M. (Ed.). (2013). Developments in linguistic humour theory. John Benjamins Publishing Company. Flamson, T., & Barrett, H. C. (2008). The encryption theory of humor: A knowledge-based mechanism of honest signaling. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 6(4), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.6.2008.4.2 Gervais, M., & Wilson, D. S. (2005). The evolution and functions of laughter and humor: A synthetic approach. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 80(4), 395–430. https://doi.org/10.1086/498281 Kolman, V. (2020). Noc, v níž se pořádají medvědí hony na zajíce: Filosofický původ jazykové komiky. Argo. Polimeni, J., & Reiss, J. P. (2006). The First Joke: Exploring the Evolutionary Origins of Humor. Evolutionary Psychology, 4(1), 147470490600400129. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470490600400129 Winkler, S. L., & Bryant, G. A. (2021). Play vocalisations and human laughter: A comparative review. Bioacoustics, 30(5), 499–526. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2021.1905065 |
| Preliminary scope of work in English |
| A sense of humor is one of the few rare human universals (Polimeni & Reiss, 2006). However, its parallels in the form of playful behavior can also be found in many animals (Winkler & Bryant, 2021). What is not universal, though, is the ability to appreciate different types of jokes. Jokes do not follow biological evolution but rather cultural evolution, and according to several theorists, one of their purposes is to allow people who do not know each other to quickly verify that they come from a similar cultural circle or are otherwise non-randomly alike, and therefore can mutually share valuable (or delicate) information to their benefit (Flamson & Barrett, 2008). The aim of this work is to explore classical (incongruence, dominance, subversion (Kolman, 2020)) and evolutionarily based theories of jokes and humor (Dynel, 2013; Gervais & Wilson, 2005) and to systematize their agreements and discrepancies, considering the available results of empirical research. Dynel, M. (Ed.). (2013). Developments in linguistic humour theory. John Benjamins Publishing Company. Flamson, T., & Barrett, H. C. (2008). The encryption theory of humor: A knowledge-based mechanism of honest signaling. Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, 6(4), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.1556/JEP.6.2008.4.2 Gervais, M., & Wilson, D. S. (2005). The evolution and functions of laughter and humor: A synthetic approach. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 80(4), 395–430. https://doi.org/10.1086/498281 Kolman, V. (2020). Noc, v níž se pořádají medvědí hony na zajíce: Filosofický původ jazykové komiky. Argo. Polimeni, J., & Reiss, J. P. (2006). The First Joke: Exploring the Evolutionary Origins of Humor. Evolutionary Psychology, 4(1), 147470490600400129. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470490600400129 Winkler, S. L., & Bryant, G. A. (2021). Play vocalisations and human laughter: A comparative review. Bioacoustics, 30(5), 499–526. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2021.1905065 |