Vliv managementu lesa na půdní mikrobiální společenstva a environmentální procesy v půdě
| Thesis title in Czech: | Vliv managementu lesa na půdní mikrobiální společenstva a environmentální procesy v půdě |
|---|---|
| Thesis title in English: | Response of microbial soil community and microbe-mediated ecosystem processes to forest harvesting |
| Key words: | ekologie mikroorganismů;ekosystémové procesy;lesní půda;bakterie;houby;mykorhiza;metagenomika;metatranskriptomika |
| English key words: | microbial ecology;ecosystem processes;forest soil;bacteria;fungi;mycorrhiza;metagenomics;metatranscriptomics |
| Academic year of topic announcement: | 2023/2024 |
| Thesis type: | diploma thesis |
| Thesis language: | čeština |
| Department: | Department of Genetics and Microbiology (31-140) |
| Supervisor: | prof. RNDr. Petr Baldrian, Ph.D. |
| Author: |
| Guidelines |
| Ekologie mikroorganismů Bioinformatics and microbiomes |
| References |
| Brock Biology of Microorganisms Madsen: Environmental Microbiology Baldrian: Forest Microbiome and Global Change, Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2023 Baldrian: Forest Microbiomes: Diversity, Complexity and Dynamics. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 2017 |
| Preliminary scope of work |
| Forest harvesting is economically important but due to the ecological importance of forests, it also represents a dramatic event in the ecosystem development. While clearcutting is a common practice in the temperate and boreal forests, variable retention harvesting is an alternative silvicultural practice in which some portion of the pre-harvest stand is retained after harvest. The broad objective is to maintain structural and functional elements from the pre-harvest condition to promote rapid recovery of biodiversity and ecological functions in the regenerating stands compared to clearcut stands. Harvesting of trees have profound effects on ecosystem processes that are associated with changes in the quality and decreases in the quantity of plant C inputs into the surrounding soil, as well as effects on soil nutrient availability and microclimatic conditions. Harvested stands also offer the opportunity to study the effect of reduced primary production on soil processes. Forest harvesting is known to have major effects on the main symbiotic fungi living on the roots of temperate trees, ectomycorrhizae, however, little is known about harvesting effects on symbiotic arbuscular mycorhizal fungi and bacteria. This project proposes to analyse the short term effects of forest harvesting on the activity and composition of soil microbial communities in forests with dominant ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and those with mixed ECM/AM. The changes of ecosystem properties and functioning, such as decomposition and N cycling will be linked to the community composition of soil microbes and their transcriptional activity. The project should give a view of the temporary changes of forest stand manipulations as well as answer the response of individual groups of microbes. This is important both for the consideration of future forest management strategies and the predictions of forest management effects on C balance of forest soils. |
| Preliminary scope of work in English |
| Forest harvesting is economically important but due to the ecological importance of forests, it also represents a dramatic event in the ecosystem development. While clearcutting is a common practice in the temperate and boreal forests, variable retention harvesting is an alternative silvicultural practice in which some portion of the pre-harvest stand is retained after harvest. The broad objective is to maintain structural and functional elements from the pre-harvest condition to promote rapid recovery of biodiversity and ecological functions in the regenerating stands compared to clearcut stands. Harvesting of trees have profound effects on ecosystem processes that are associated with changes in the quality and decreases in the quantity of plant C inputs into the surrounding soil, as well as effects on soil nutrient availability and microclimatic conditions. Harvested stands also offer the opportunity to study the effect of reduced primary production on soil processes. Forest harvesting is known to have major effects on the main symbiotic fungi living on the roots of temperate trees, ectomycorrhizae, however, little is known about harvesting effects on symbiotic arbuscular mycorhizal fungi and bacteria. This project proposes to analyse the short term effects of forest harvesting on the activity and composition of soil microbial communities in forests with dominant ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and those with mixed ECM/AM. The changes of ecosystem properties and functioning, such as decomposition and N cycling will be linked to the community composition of soil microbes and their transcriptional activity. The project should give a view of the temporary changes of forest stand manipulations as well as answer the response of individual groups of microbes. This is important both for the consideration of future forest management strategies and the predictions of forest management effects on C balance of forest soils. |