Thesis (Selection of subject)Thesis (Selection of subject)(version: 385)
Thesis details
   Login via CAS
Who’s Afraid of the Lurking Bear: The Resecuritization of Russia in the Post-Crimean United States National Security Discourse
Thesis title in Czech: Kdo se bojí číhajícího medvěda: Resekuritizace Ruska v postkrymském diskurzu národní bezpečnosti USA
Thesis title in English: Who’s Afraid of the Lurking Bear: The Resecuritization of Russia in the Post-Crimean United States National Security Discourse
Key words: Opětovná sekuritizace, sekuritizace, Spojené státy americké, společensko-politický diskurz, krymská krize, Kodaňská škola, Obamova administrativa, Vladimír Putin
English key words: Resecuritization, Securitization, United States, Russia, Socio-Political Discourse, Crimean Crisis, Copenhagen School, Obama Administration, Vladimir Putin
Academic year of topic announcement: 2016/2017
Thesis type: diploma thesis
Thesis language: angličtina
Department: Department of Security Studies (23-KBS)
Supervisor: PhDr. JUDr. Tomáš Karásek, Ph.D.
Author: hidden - assigned by the advisor
Date of registration: 07.10.2016
Date of assignment: 07.10.2016
Date and time of defence: 19.06.2017 08:00
Venue of defence: Jinonice - U Kříže 8, J4019, Jinonice - místn. č. 4019
Date of electronic submission:16.05.2017
Date of proceeded defence: 19.06.2017
Opponents: doc. PhDr. Ondřej Ditrych, M.Phil., Ph.D.
 
 
 
URKUND check:
References
“14 Best Russian Characters in Popular Culture.” Den of Geek. http://www.denofgeek.com/us/movies/russian-characters/243834/14-best- russian-characters-in-popular-culture. (Accessed 28 February 2017.)

Ambrosio, Thomas. “The Russo-American Dispute over the Invasion of Iraq: International Status and the Role of Positional Goods.” Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 57, No. 8 (Dec., 2005), pp. 1189-1210.

“Anti-Communist Senator McCarthy Is Condemned.” The New York Times. 2 December 2011.https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/12/02/dec-2-1954-anti- communist-senator-joseph-mccarthy-is-condemned/?_r=1. (Accessed 9 March 2017.)

Applebaum, Anne. “A Need to Contain Russia.” The Washington Post. 20 March 2014. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/anne-applebaum-a-need-to-contain- russia/2014/03/20/8f2991dc-b06b-11e3-9627- c65021d6d572_story.html?utm_term=.fca30c790c6e. (Accessed 13 March 2017)

Applebaum, Anne. “Putin’s New Kind of War.” Slate. 16 April 2014. http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/foreigners/2014/04/vladimir_p utin_s_new_war_in_ukraine_the_kremlin_is_reinventing_how_russia.html. (Accessed 13 March 2017)


Aron, Leon. “The Mystery of the Soviet Collapse.” American Enterprise Institute. 1 April 2006. https://www.aei.org/publication/the-mystery-of-the-soviet-collapse/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

“Ask Language Log: Is “Regime” A Loaded Word?” University of Pennsylvania. http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/005095.html. (Accessed 17 March 2017)

Atkinson, Brooks. “The Crucible.” The New York Times. 23 January 1953. Accessed 9 March 2017. http://www.nytimes.com/books/00/11/12/specials/miller- crucible53.html. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Austin, John. “Performative Utterances.” In Philosophical Papers, 3rd ed. Editors: J.O. Urnsom, G.G. Warnock. Clarindon Press, 1979.

Author Redacted. “Russia and the War in Iraq.” CRS Report for Congress. 14 April 2003.

Baker, Peter, David E. Sanger. “U.S. Makes Concessions to Russia for Iran Sanctions.” The New York Times. 21 May 2010. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/22/world/22sanctions.html?_r=0. (Accessed 3 March 2017.)

Baker, Peter. “U.S.-Russian Ties Still Fall Short of ‘Reset’ Goal.” The New York Times. 2 September 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/03/world/europe/us- russian-ties-still-fall-short-of-reset-goal.html. (Accessed 6 March 2017)

Balzacq, Thierry (ed.): Securitization Theory: How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve. Abingdon: Routledge, 2011.

Balzacq, Thierry. “The Three Faces of Securitization.” European Journal of International Relations. Vol. 11(2): 171–201.

Balzacq, Thierry, Sarah Leonard, Jan Ruzicka. “Securitization Revisited: Theory and Cases.” International Relations 2016, Vol. 30(4) 494–531.

Bandow, Doug. “7 Reasons the U.S. Should Stay Out of the Ukraine-Russia Fight.” The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/doug-bandow/seven-reasons- why-us-shou_b_6763732.html. (Accessed 20 March 2017)

Bernstein, Paul. Deborah Ball. “Putin’s Russia and U.S. Defence Strategy.” National Defence University Workshop Report. 19-20 August 2015.

Birnbaum, Michael. Carol Morello. “No Breakthroughs as Kerry, Putin Meet in Sochi.” The Washington Post. 12 May 2015. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/no-breakthroughs-as-kerry-putin-meet- in-sochi/2015/05/12/29b4857a-f811-11e4-a47c- e56f4db884ed_story.html?utm_term=.f8bf6cf8b4f2. (Accessed 15 March 2017)

Blitzer, Wolf. “Clinton, Yeltsin Narrow their Differences on Bosnia.” CNN. 23 October 1995. http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/08/14/georgia.russia.war/. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Bohlen, Celestine. “Turmoil in Russia: The Debate. Lots of Political Fireworks In Parliament but No Help.” The New York Times. 1 September 1998. http://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/01/world/turmoil-russia-debate-lots-political- fireworks-parliament-but-no-help.html. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Bumiller, Elisabeth and David E. Sanger. “Bush and Putin Exhibit Tension over Democracy.” The New York Times. 25 February 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/25/world/europe/bush-and-putin-exhibit- tension-over-democracy.html. (Accessed 11 March 2017)

Caldwell, Della B. The Americanization of the World. Fine Arts Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1 (Jan., 1919), pp. 28-29

Campbell, David. Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity. University of Minnesota Press: 1998. 349.

Cannon, James P. “American Stalinism and Anti-Stalinism.” Serialized in The Militant between April 5 and May 31, 1947. https://www.marxists.org/archive/cannon/works/1947/amstalandantistal.htm. Accessed 20 February 2017.

Capra, Frank. Why We Fight: The Battle of Russia. Digital Version. Atlanta. War Activities Committee of the Motion Pictures Industry. 1943.

“Carter and Human Rights, 1977–1981.” Department of State, Office of the Historian.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/human-rights (Accessed 15 March 2017.)

Carter, Jimmy. “Address to the Nation on the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan.” The American Presidency Project. 4 January 1980. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=32911 (Accessed 15 March 2017)

Chamberlin, William Henry. “The Soviet-German War: Results and Prospects.” The Russian Review, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Apr., 1942)

“Cheney's Speech in Lithuania.” The New York Times. 4 May 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/04/world/europe/04cnd-cheney-text.html/ (Accessed 14 March 2017)

Chivers, C.J. and David M. Herszenhorn. “In Crimea, Russia Showcases a Rebooted Army.” 2 April 2014. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/03/ world/europe/crimea-offers-showcase- for-russias-rebooted-military.html. (Accessed 4 April 2017)

“Crimean Parliament Declares Independence.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 11 March 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#15. (Accessed 25 January 2017)

“Crimean Parliament Votes to Secede From Ukraine, Join Russia.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 6 March 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#6. (Accessed 25 January 2017)

Coben Stanley. “A Study in Nativism: The American Red Scare of 1919-20.” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 79, No. 1 (Mar., 1964), pp. 52-75

Cohen, David M. “Amateur Government: When Political Appointees Manage the Federal Bureaucracy.” CPM Working Paper 96-1 The Brookings Institute. 1996.

Cohen, Stephen M. “Patriotic Heresy vs. The New Cold War.” The Nation. 14 September 2014. 22-26.

Collins, Alan (ed.): Contemporary Security Studies. Oxford University Press, 2007.

Cox, Michael. “From the Truman Doctrine to the Second Superpower Detente: The Rise and Fall of the Cold War. Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Feb., 1990), pp. 25-41.

Day, Meagan. Bear, Bolshevik, buffoon, spy: The American tradition of fearing Russia. Timeline. 16 August 2016.https://timeline.com/history-fear-russia- c81656ec36a2#.2iino54up. (Accessed 15 February 2017)

“Détente.” The New York Times.24 September 1974. http://www.nytimes.com/1974/09/26/archives/detente.html?_r=1. (Accessed 13 March 2017)

Dolinec, Vladimir. “The Role of Mass Media in the Securitization Process of International Terrorism.” Politické vedy: časopis pre politológiu, najnovšie dejiny, medzinárodné vzťahy, bezpečnostné štúdiá. Vol. 13, No. 2 (2010), pp. 8- 32.

“Domino Theory Principle, Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1954.” Public Papers of the Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1954, p. 381- 390. http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~hst306/documents/domino.html. (Accessed 6 March 2017.)

Dougherty, Jill. “9/11 a ‘turning point’ for Putin.” CNN. 10 September 2002. http://www.edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/09/10/ar911.russia.putin/ind ex.html. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Douglas Birch. “Letting Go of ‘Loose Nukes.’” Foreign Policy. 31 October 2012. http://foreignpolicy.com/2012/10/31/letting-go-of- loose-nukes/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Drulak, Petr. “Metaphors Europe lives by: language and institutional change of the European Union.” European University Institute. Working Paper SPS No. 2004/15.

Duranty, Walter. “Red Army Held as no Menace to Peace.” The New York Times. 25 June 1931. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/duranty_1931_9.htm. (Accessed 8 March 2017)

Duranty, Walter. “Russians Hungry but not Starving.” The New York Times. 31 March 1933. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/russians_hungry_not_starving.htm. (Accessed 8 March 2017)

Duranty ,Walter. “Soviet Censorship Hurts Russians Most.” The New York Times. 23 June 1931. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/duranty_1931_7.htm. (Accessed 8 March 2017)

Duranty, Walter. “Stalinism Shelves World Revolt Idea: To Win Russia First.” The New York Times. 18 June 1931. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/duranty_1931_3.htm. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Duranty, Walter. “Stalinism Smashes Foes in Marx’s Name.” The New York Times. 24 June 1931. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/duranty_1931_8.htm. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Duranty, Walter. “Stalinism Solving Minorities Problem.” The New York Times. 26 June 1931. http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/duranty_1931_10.htm. (Accessed 8 March 2017)

Editors Roger Z. George and Harvey Rishikof. The National Security Enterprise: Navigating the Labyrinth. Washington: Georgetown University Press, 2011.

Eugene Lions. Assignment in Utopia. New Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers, 1991.

“Executive Order 9835.” The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=75524. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Farnham, Barbara. “Reagan and the Gorbachev Revolution: Perceiving the End of Threat.” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 116, No. 2 (Summer, 2001), pp. 225- 252..

“FDR and the Four Freedoms Speech.” FDR Presidential Library Museum. https://fdrlibrary.org/four-freedoms. (Accessed 22 February 2017)

“Final Referendum Results: 97% Favor Russia.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#29. (Accessed 5 April 2017).

Fisher, Louis. “The Law: Presidential Inherent Power: The “Sole Organ” Doctrine.” Presidential Studies Quarterly. 37, no. 1, 2007. 139-152.

Fleetwood, Blake. “Too Bad Ukraine Didn’t Keep Its 2,000 Nuclear Weapons.” The Huffington Post. 30 April 2014. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/blake- fleetwood/too-bad-ukraine-didnt-kee_b_5235374.html. (Accessed 8 April 2017)

Ford, Harold P. Calling the Sino-Soviet Split: The CIA and Double Demonology. CIA Library. 27 June 2008. https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of- intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter98_99/art05.html. (Accessed 13 March 2017)

Francis, David. “Using Wittgenstein to Respecify Constructivism.” Human Studies. Vol. 28, No. 3 (Nov., 2005), pp. 251-290.

From Russia With Love. Cinema Showing. Directed by Terrance Young. Eon Productions, London, 1963.

Fukuyama, Francis. “The End of History?” Ohio State University Online Resources. https://ps321.community.uaf.edu/files/2012/10/Fukuyama-End-of-history- article.pdf (Accessed 29 March 2017)

Fuller, Jaime. “Kerry says ‘Russia is going to lose’ if Putin’s troops continue to advance in Ukraine.” The Washington Post. 2 March 2014. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2014/03/02/kerry-says- russia-is-going-to-lose-if-putins-troops-continue-to-advance-in- ukraine/?utm_term=.323e6a8aea11. (Accessed 5 April 2017)

Gamson, William A. Andre Modigliani. “Media Discourse and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power: A Constructionist Approach.” American Journal of Sociology, Volume 95 Number 1 (July 1989): 1-37.

Gelb, Leslie H. “Top Soviet Aid Talks of Arms Cuts.” The New York Times. 14 December 1984.http://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/14/world/top-soviet-aide- talks-of-arms- cuts.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%20S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Graham, Malbone W. “Russian-American Relations 1917-1933: An Interpretation. The American Political Science Review, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Jun., 1934), pp. 387-409.

Graebner, Norman A. “Cold War Origins and the Continuing Debate.” The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Mar., 1969), pp. 123-132.

Greenhouse, Steven. “Aid to Russia: Buying Time for Yeltsin.” The New York Times. 2 April 1992. http://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/02/world/aid-to-russia-buying- time-for-yeltsin.html. (Accessed 17 March 2017)

Guzzini, Stefano. “Foreign policy identity crises and uses of the ‘West’.” Danish Institute for International Studies. Working Paper 2015:5.

Hatem, Mervat F. “Discourses on the “War on Terrorism” in the U.S. and its Views of the Arab, Muslim, and Gendered “Other.” The Arab Studies Journal. Vol. 11/12, No. 2/1 (Fall 2003/Spring 2004), pp. 77-97.

“Helsinki Final Act, 1975.” Department of State Office of the Historian. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/helsinki. (Accessed 15 March 2017.)

Hopf, Ted. “The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory.” International Security, Vol. 23, No. 1 (Summer, 1998), pp. 171-200.

Hudson, David. “President Obama Speaks on Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17, Russia and Ukraine, and the Situation in Gaza.” Obamawhitehouse.archives.gov. 18 July 2014.
https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/07/18/president-obama- speaks- malaysia-airlines-flight-mh17-russia-and-ukraine-and-situatio. (Accessed 27 March 2017).

“Increased Public Support for the U.S. Arming Ukraine.” Pew Research Center. 23 February 2015. http://www.people-press.org/2015/02/23/increased-public- support-for-the-u-s-arming-ukraine/. (Accessed 10 April 2017_

Isachenkov, Vladimir. “Russian Media Warns of New Cold War.” The Washington Post. 5 May 2006. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2006/05/05/AR2006050500623.html. (Accessed 8 April 2017)

Jacobs, Lewis. “World War II and the American Film.” Cinema Journal, Vol. 7 (Winter, 1967-1968), pp. 1-21.

Jervis, Robert. “War and Misperception.” The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol. 18, No. 4, The Origin and Prevention of Major Wars (Spring, 1988), pp. 675- 700.

“Jimmy Carter: Foreign Affairs.” University of Virginia, Miller Center. https://millercenter.org/president/carter/foreign-affairs. (Accessed 2 March 2017.)

Kegley, Charles W. Jr.
 “How Did the Cold War Die? Principles for an Autopsy.” Mershon International Studies Review, Vol. 38, No. 1 (Apr., 1994), pp. 11-41.

Kengor, Paul. “Summer of Appeasement: When Ford Snubbed Solzhenitsyn.” The American Spectator. 10 August 2010. https://spectator.org/39122_summer- appeasement-when-ford-snubbed-solzhenitsyn/. (Accessed 15 March 2017)

“Kennan and Containment, 1947.” Department of State Office of the Historian. Available at: https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/kennan. (Accessed 24 February 2017)

Kennan, George. “The Sources of Soviet Conduct.” Foreign Affairs. July 1947, No 4; Vol. 25. 566-582.

Kent College of Law at Illinois Tech. "Schenck v. United States." Oyez. https://www.oyez.org/cases/1900-1940/249us47 (Accessed 17 February 2017)

Kissinger, Henry. Diplomacy. New York: Touchstone, 1994.

Krauthammer, Charles. “How to Stop Putin.” The Saint Louis Dispatch. 14 March 2014. http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/columns/charles-krauthammer/charles- krauthammer-how-to-stop-putin/article_92d1b0f2-a06d-59fa-9e22- 94530ca814a6.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Krauthammer, Charles. “Obama vs. Putin: The Mismatch.” The Saint Louis Dispatch. 28 March 2014. http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/columns/charles- krauthammer/charles-krauthammer-obama-vs-putin-the- mismatch/article_beca057c-7b16-5b0b-93dc-eac5c3cfd09e.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Krauthammer, Charles. “The Invasion Will Be Catered.” The Saint Louis Post Dispatch. 21 March 2014. http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/columns/charles- krauthammer/charles-krauthammer-the-invasion-will-be- catered/article_fcfc4f05-14ec-5017-95fe-c12797305083.html. (Accessed 1 April 2017)

Krauthammer, Charles. “Putin, Ukraine, and Our Unserious Response.” Freedom’s Back. 20 March 2014. http://www.freedomsback.com/charles- krauthammer/putin-ukraine-and-our-unserious-response/. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Krauthammer, Charles. “The Real New World Order.” The Weekly Standard. 12 November 2001. http://www.weeklystandard.com/the-real-new-world- order/article/1758. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Krauthammer, Charles. “The Wages of Weakness.” The Saint Louis Post Dispatch. 7 March 2014. http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/columns/charles- krauthammer/charles-krauthammer-the-wages-of-weakness/article_e0fc4b5a- 4b6a-58b0-a4b4-89474884994c.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

“Krauthammer: Obama’s remarks on Malaysia airliner reflect philosophy of disinterest.” Fox News. 18 July 2014. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2014/07/18/krauthammer-obamas-remarks- on-malaysia-airliner-reflect-philosophy-disinterest.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Kreisky, Bruno. “On Promoting Détente.” International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-), Vol. 54, No. 4 (Oct., 1978), pp. 618-625.


Kurilla, Ivan. “Russian Celebrations and American Debates About Russia in 1813.” Nationalities Papers, 2016, 44:1, 114-123.

Leblond, Patrick. “Globalization and World Insecurity.” International Studies Review (2005) 7, 642-644.

Lee, Jesse. “The New START Treaty: "A National Security Imperative." Whitehouse.gov. 18 November 2010. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2010/11/18/new-start-treaty-a- national-security-imperative. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Locke, John. Second Treaties of Government. Early Modern Texts. http://www.earlymoderntexts.com/assets/pdfs/locke1689a.pdf. Accessed 11 February 2017)

“Loose Nukes.” Council on Foreign Relations. 1 January 2006. http://www.cfr.org/weapons-of-mass-destruction/loose-nukes/p9549. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Mabee, Bryan. “Discourses of empire: the US ‘empire’, globalisation and international relations.” Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 8, pp. 1359–1378, 2004.

MacGillis, Alec. “Where are Putin’s American Admirers Now?” The New Republic. 18 July 2014. https://newrepublic.com/article/118768/putin-looking-less-tactically- brilliant-and-competent-now (Accessed 17 March 2017)

“Malaysian Airlines Flight Shot Down in Eastern Ukraine.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 17 July 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/mh17.htm#0/. (Accessed 24 March 2017)

Man in the News; Rising Star in Kremlin.” The New York Times. 17 December 1984. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/17/world/man-in-the-news-rising-star-in- kremlin.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%2 0S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Manson, James. “Russia’s Moves Raise Doubts about Obama’s ‘Reset.’ Time. 23 August 2009. http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1917392,00.html. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Mark, Eduard. “October or Thermidor? Interpretations of Stalinism and the Perception of Soviet Foreign Policy in the United States, 1927-1947.” 
 The American Historical Review, Vol. 94, No. 4 (Oct., 1989), pp. 937-962.

Marshall, Rachelle. Letter to the Editor. The New York Times. 26 February 2005. https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE2DA143DF935A15751 C0A9639C8B63. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Marxsen, Christian. “The Crimean Crisis: An International Law Perspective.” Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht, 74 (2014), 367- 391

Maslin, Janet. “Film: ‘Red Dawn,’ on World War III. The New York Times. 10 August 1984. 2017http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9404E5DD1438F933A2575B C0A962948260. (Accessed 7 March 2017)

Masters, Jonathan. “What are Economic Sanctions?” Council on Foreign Relations. Last Updated 8 February 2017. http://www.cfr.org/sanctions/economic- sanctions/p36259. (Accessed 19 March 2017)

“Matviyenko: We Will Unquestionably Back This Choice.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 7 March 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#10. (Accessed 20 March 2017)

Mavelli, Luca. “Security and Secularization in International Relations.” European Journal of International Relations 18(1) 177–199.

McDonald, Matt. “Securitization and the Construction of Security.” European Journal of International Relations. December 2008. 1-36.

McFarlane, Robert. “What's Good for Russia Is Good for America.” The New York Times. 26 September 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/26/opinion/what- s-good-for-russia-is-good-for-america.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017).

McGee, Michael. “The “ideograph”: A link between rhetoric and ideology.” Quarterly Journal of Speech. 66, 1, 1980. 1-16.

Meyers, Steven Lee. “Aftereffects: Diplomacy; Powell and Putin Say Iraq Rift Is Mended, and Then Disagree.” The New York Times. 15 May 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/15/world/aftereffects-diplomacy-powell- putin-say-iraq-rift-mended-then-disagree.html (Accessed 20 March 2017)

Michael, George. “Is Greater Russia Really So Bad?” Military Review. January- February 2015, Vol. 95, No. 1. 99-115.

Milner, Helen. “The Assumption of Anarchy in International Relations Theory: A Critique.” Review of International Studies. Vol. 17, No. 1 (January 1991), pp. 67-85.

Mitchell, Alison. “The UN at 50: Clinton and Yeltsin; Warmth, but Little Substance, at Hyde Park Summit.” The New York Times. 24 October 1995. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/24/world/the-un-at-50-clinton-and-yeltsin- warmth-but-little-substance-at-hyde-park-summit.html?pagewanted=all. (Accessed 19 March 2017)

“Most Say U.S. Should ‘Not Get Too Involved’ in Ukraine Situation.” The Pew Research Center. 11 March 2014. http://www.people- press.org/2014/03/11/most-say-u-s-should-not-get-too-involved-in-ukraine- situation/. (Accessed 5 April 2017)

Munting, Roger. “Lend-Lease and the Soviet War Effort.” Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Jul., 1984), pp. 495-510.

Murrow, Edward R. A Report on Senator Joseph R. McCarthy-See it Now (CBS-TV, March 9, 1954) Media Resource Center, Moffit Library, UC Berkely. http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/murrowmccarthy.html. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Mydans, Seth. “Young Team Takes Reins.” The New York Times. 12 March 1985. http://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/12/world/young-team-takes- reins.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%20S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Myers, Steven Lee. “Hostage Drama in Moscow: Russia Responds; Putin Vows Hunt for Terror Cells Around the World.” The New York Times. 29 October 2002. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/29/world/hostage-drama-moscow-russia- responds-putin-vows-hunt-for-terror-cells-around.html. (Accessed 17 March 2017)

New START. Unite States Department of State. https://www.state.gov/t/avc/newstart/index.htm. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

“New York Times Statement About 1932 Pulitzer Prize Awarded to Walter Duranty.” http://www.nytco.com/new-york-times-statement-about-1932-pulitzer-prize- awarded-to-walter-duranty/. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Nissenbaum, Don. “U.S. Defense Nominee Leans Toward Arms for Ukraine in Fight.” The Wall Street Journal. 4 February 2015. https://www.wsj.com/articles/islamic- state-iran-must-be-confronted-u-s-defense-chief-nominee-says-1423066977. (Accessed 30 March 2017)

“Nunn-Lugar Revisited.” The National Security Archive, George Washington University. Available at: http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB447/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

O’Reilly, Ciaran. “Primetime Patriotism: News Media and the Securitization of Iraq.” Journal of Politics and Law. Vol. 1, No. 3 (2008). 66-72.

Obama, Barack. Presidential Policy Directive 1: Organization of the National Security Council System, February 13 2009.

“Obama: Missile Downed Malaysia Plane Over Ukraine; 'Outrage of UnspeakableProportions.’” Voice of America. 18 July 2014. http://www.voanews.com/a/un-calls-emergency-meeting-over-plane- crash/1960164.html. (Accessed 24 March 2017)

“Obama: Romney called Russia our top geopolitical threat.” Politifact. 22 October 2012. http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2012/oct/22/barack- obama/obama-romney-called-russia-our-top-geopolitical-fo/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

“Official Statements on Russia-Georgia Conflict.” The School of Russian and Asian Studies. 11 September 2008. http://www.sras.org/official_statements_on_russia_georgia_conflict. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

“One Protestor Dead After Clashes in Donetsk.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 13 March 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#18. (Accessed 4 April 2017)

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE) : Final Act of Helsinki, 1 August 1975. http://www.refworld.org/docid/3dde4f9b4.html. (Accessed 31 January 2017)

Orth, Maureen. “Russia’s Dark Master.” Vanity Fair, October 2000. http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2000/10/putin200010. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Peffley, Mark. Lee Sigelman. “Intolerance of Communists during the McCarthy Era: A General Model.” The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 1 (Mar., 1990), pp. 93-111.

Posner, Eric. “Black Sea Fleet Status of Forces Agreement.” Ericposner.com. 5 March 2014. http://ericposner.com/the-1997-black-sea-fleet-agreement-between-russia- and-ukraine/. (Accessed 31 January 2017)

“President Bush’s Statement on Georgia.” The New York Times. 15 August 2008. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/16/world/europe/16bushtext.html. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

“President Harry S. Truman's Address Before a Joint Session of Congress, March 12, 1947.” The Avalon Project, Yale Law Library. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/trudoc.asp. (Accessed 23 February 2017)

“Press Gaggle by Press Secretary Jay Carney and Labor Secretary Tom Perez en route Hartford, CT, 3/5/2014.” Whtiehouse.gov. 5 March 2014. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/03/05/press-gaggle -press-secretary-jay-carney-and-labor-seretary-tom-perez-en-. (Accessed 16 March 2017)

“Purchase of Alaska, 1867.” Department of State Office of the Historian. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1866-1898/alaska-purchase. (Accessed 17 February 2017)

“Putin gets Approval to use Military in Ukraine.” CBS News. 1 March 2014. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/vladimir-putin-asks-to-use-russias-military-in- ukraine/. (Accessed 21 March 2017)

“Radio and Television Report to the American People on the Soviet Arms Buildup in Cuba, October 22, 1962.” John F Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/sUVmCh-sB0moLfrBcaHaSg.aspx. (Accessed 8 March 2017.)

“Rapprochement with China.” Office of the Historian, Department of State. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/rapprochement-china. (Accessed 13 March 2017)

Rawson Hugh. Margaret Miner (annotators). The Oxford Dictionary of American Quotations. Oxford: 2006.

“Recognition of the Soviet Union, 1933.” Department of State Office of the Historian. / https://history.state.gov/milestones/1921-1936/ussr. (Accessed 20 February 2017)

Reifowitz, Ian. “Vladimir Putin is just the Latest Bully in the Thousand Year Struggle for Ukrainian Nationhood.” The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ian-reifowitz/vladimir-putin-is-just- th_b_4449785.html. (Accessed 28 March 2017)

Richard Nixon, Address to the Nation on the War in Vietnam, November 3rd 1969.” The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=2303. (Accessed 8 March 2017)

Risen, James. “Russian Experts Reportedly Gave Iraq Missile Aid.” The New York Times. 5 March 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/05/world/russian- experts-reportedly-gave-iraq-missile-aid.html. (Accessed 14 March 2017)

Rockwell, John. “A Culture Strives to Root in Freedom's Stony Soil.” The New York Times .9 November 1992. Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/09/arts/a-culture-strives-to-root-in-freedom-s- stony-soil.html. (Accessed 5 March 2017)

Rogen, Josh. “Kerry Tells Lawmakers He's for Arming Ukraine.” Bloomberg. 9 February 2015. https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2015-02-09/kerry- tells-lawmakers-he-s-for-arming-ukraine. (Accessed 19 March 2017)

Rogin, Josh. Eli Lake. “U.S. Told Ukraine to Stand Down as Putin Invaded.” 21 August 2015. https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2015-08-21/u-s-told-ukraine- to-stand-down-as-putin-invaded. (Accessed 22 March 2017)

Ronald Reagan, “Evil Empire Speech” (8 March 1983).” Voices of Democracy: The U.S. Oratory Project. http://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/reagan-evil-empire- speech-text/. (Accessed 7 March 2017)

“Russia.” CIA World Factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- factbook/geos/rs.html. (Accessed 14 March 2017)

“Russian Forces Occupy Strategic Facilities in Crimea.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 28 February 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#4. (Accessed 10 April 2017)

“Russian Forces Seize Gas Distribution Station Outside Crimea.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. 15 March 2014. http://ukraine.csis.org/crimea.htm#24. (Accessed 10 April 2017)

“Russia’s Loose Nukes.” The Washington Times. 2 March 2005. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2005/mar/2/20050302-095000-6761r/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

“Russian Tanks ‘on the move’ in Georgia.” CNN. 14 August 2008. http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/europe/08/14/georgia.russia.war/. (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Sanchez, Ray, Nic Robertson, and Don Melvin. “Russian PM Medvedev Equates Relations with West to a ‘new Cold War.’” CNN. 15 February 2016. http://edition.cnn.com/2016/02/13/europe/russia-medvedev-new-cold-war/. (Accessed 5 April 2017)

Saunders, Paul J. Dmitiri K. Simes. “Who Controls Russia?” The New York Times. 9 November 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/10/opinion/10iht- edsimes.html. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Schindler, John R. “The Real Ed Snowden Is a Patsy, a Fraud and a Kremlin-Controlled Pawn.” The Observer. 19 September 2016. Available at: http://observer.com/2016/09/the-real-ed-snowden-is-a-patsy-a-fraud-and-a- kremlin-controlled-pawn/. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Schmemann, Serge. “End of the Soviet Union; The Soviet State, Born of a Dream, Dies.” The New York Times. 26 December 1991. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/26/world/end-of-the-soviet-union-the-soviet- state-born-of-a-dream-dies.html?pagewanted=all. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Schmitt, Eric. “Yeltsin Resigns: In Washington; Power Shift Is Not Viewed As a Threat To U.S. Ties. 1 January 2000. http://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/01/world/yeltsin-resigns-in-washington- power-shift-is-not-viewed-as-a-threat-to-us-ties.html. (Accessed 10 March 2017)

Schrecker ,Ellen. The Age of McCarthyism: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: St. Martin’s Press, 1994. Electronic Version available at: http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/50s/schrecker-age.html.

Sevstova, Lila. David J. Kramer. “What the Magnitsky Act Means.” 18 December 2012. Accessed 6 March 2017. Available at: http://www.the-american- interest.com/2012/12/18/what-the-magnitsky-act-means/. (Accessed 14 March 2017)

Shuster, Simon. “U.S.-Russia Relations: In need of a New Reset. Time. 16 March 2010. http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1971651,00.html. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

Simmons, Katie, Bruce Stokes, and Jacob Poushter. NATO Public Opinion: Wary of Russia, Leery of Action on Ukraine.” Pew Research Center. 10 June 2015. http://www.pewglobal.org/2015/06/10/1-nato-public-opinion-wary-of-russia- leary-of-action-on-ukraine/. (Accessed 21 March 2017)

Smith, Hendrick. The Russians. London: Sphere Books Limited, 1976.

Smith, Terrance. “Carter Tells Soviet Out of Afghanistan.” The New York Times. 30 December 1979. http://www.nytimes.com/1979/12/30/archives/carter-tells- soviet-to-pull-its-troops-out-of-afghanistan-he-warns.html?_r=0 (Accessed 2 March 2017)

Stachey, Jeffery A. John Herbst. “How to Beat Down A Bully.” Foreign Policy. 16 August 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140817193720/http://www.foreignpolicy.com/art icles/2014/08/16/russia_sanctions_ukraine_arms_nato. (Accessed 16 March 2017)

“Statement by the President on Executive Order “Blocking Property of Certain Persons and Prohibiting Certain Transactions with Respect to the Crimea Region of Ukraine” Whitehouse.gov. 19 December 2014. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/19/statement- president-executive-order-blocking-property-certain-persons-an. (Accessed 7 April 2017)

“Statement by the President on Ukraine.” 28 February 2014. Whitehouse.gov. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/02/28/statement- president-ukraine. (Accessed 7 April 2017)

“Statement by the President on Ukraine.” Whitehouse.gov. 17 March 2014. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/03/17/statement- president-ukraine. (Accessed 7 April 2017)

“Statement by the President on Ukraine.” Whitehouse.gov. 20 March 2014. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/03/20/statement- president-ukraine. (Accessed 7 April 2017)

“Statement by the President on Ukraine.” Whitehouse.gov. 6 March 2014 https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/03/06/statement- president-ukrainehttps://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press- office/2014/03/06/statement-president-ukraine. (Accessed 7 April 2017)

Stokes, Bruce. “Russia, Putin Held in Low Regard around the World.” Pew Research Center. 5 August 2015. http://www.pewglobal.org/2015/08/05/russia-putin-held- in-low-regard-around-the-world/. (Accessed 1 April 2017)

Stolburg, Sheryl Gay. “Bush Sees Iraq Echo in '56 Hungary Revolt.” The New York Times. 23 June 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/23/world/middleeast/23prexy.html (Accessed 27 March 2017)

Stone, Marianne. “Security According to Buzan: A Comprehensive Security Analysis.” Security Discussion Papers, Series 1. 2009.

Straus, Oscar S. “The United States and Russia: Their Historical Relations.” The North American Review, Vol. 181, No. 585 (Aug., 1905), pp. 237-250.

“Strategic Arms Limitations Talks/Treaty (SALT) I and II.” Office of the Historian, Department of State. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/salt. (Accessed 13 March 2017)

Stritzel, Holgar. “Towards a Theory of Securitization. Copenhagen and Beyond.” SAGE Publications and ECPR-European Consortium for Political Research, Vol. 13(3): 357–383

Stritzel, Holger. “Towards a Theory of Securitization: Copenhagen and Beyond.” European Journal of International Relations. Vol. 13(3): 357–383.

“Succession in Moscow: What the Specialists are Saying; Experts on Soviet Differ on How Much of an Impact Gorbachev will have.” The New York Times. 12 March 1985. http://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/12/world/succession-moscow-what- specialists-are-saying-experts-soviet-differ-much- impact.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%20 S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Sugarman, Harley. “License to Kill or License to Thrill? The James Bond Movies and Twentieth Century Propaganda Films.” Stanford Undergraduate Research Journal. 2011. 22-24.

Tajfel, Henri. Human Groups and Social Categories: Studies in Social Psychology (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1981), p. 255. Cited in: “The Promise of Constructivism.” 175.

Tassinari, Fabrizio. “The European Sea: Lessons from the Baltic Sea Region.” Journal of Baltic Studies, 36:4, 387-407.

Taureck, Rita. “Securitization Theory and Securitization Studies.” Journal of International Relations and Development. Volume 9, Issue 1, pp 53–61.

Telegram, George Kennan to George Marshall ["Long Telegram"], February 22, 1946. Harry S. Truman Administration File, Elsey Papers. The Truman Library.

“The Marshall Plan Speech.” The George C. Marshall Foundation. http://marshallfoundation.org/marshall/the-marshall-plan/marshall-plan- speech.(Accessed 23 February 2017)

“The President's News Conference With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia in Hyde Park, New York.” The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?%20pid=50688. (Accessed 7 March 2017)

The War Powers Resolution. Yale Law School Lillian Goldman Law Library. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/warpower.asp. (Accessed 13 February 2017)

Transcript: Bush, Putin news conference.” CNN. 18 June 2001. http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/06/18/bush.putin.transcript/. (Accessed 25 March 2017)

Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation, and Partnership between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, signed 31.5.1997, Article 3.

Tsygankov, Andrei. “Vladimir Putin’s Last Stand: the Source of Russia’s Ukraine Policy.” Post-Soviet Affairs. Vol. 31, No. 4, 279–303.

United Nations, Charter of the United Nations, 24 October 1945, 1 UNTS XVI. http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3930.html. (Accessed 31 January 2017)

United Nations, Document A/49/765. 5 December 1994. https://documents-dds- ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N94/507/64/PDF/N9450764.pdf?OpenElement. (Accessed 31 January 2017)

“Ukraine Suspends Preparations for EU Trade Deal.” The Ukraine Crisis Timeline. Center for Crisis and International Studies. http://ukraine.csis.org/kyiv.htm#1. (Accessed 26 January 2017)

“Ukraine.” CIA World Factbook. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world- factbook/geos/print_up.html. (Accessed 22 March 2017)

U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on International Relations, Russia’s Policies Toward the Axis of Evil: Money and Geopolitics in Iraq and Iran. 108th Cong., 1st sess. 2003. http://commdocs.house.gov/committees/intlrel/hfa85339.000/hfa85339_0f.htm (Accessed 27 February 2017)

“US Recognizes Kosovo, Reaffirms Friendship With Serbia.” Voice of America. 27 October 2009. http://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2008-02-18-voa33- 66807672/374142.html. (Accessed 13 May 2017)

Warren B. Walsh. “What the American People Think of Russia.” The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Winter, 1944-1945), pp. 513-522.

Weinraub, Bernard. “Reagan Rejected Quick Soviet Trip.” The New York Times. 14 March 1985. http://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/14/us/reagan-rejected-quick- soviet- trip.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%20S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Weinraub, Bernard. “Reagan Reported to Invite Gorbachev to Talks in US with Goal of Arms Accord.” The New York Times. 13 March 1985. http://www.nytimes.com/1985/03/13/world/reagan-reported-to-invite- gorbachev-to-talks-in-us-with-goal-of-arms- accord.html?rref=collection%2Ftimestopic%2FGorbachev%2C%20Mikhail%20 S. (Accessed 9 March 2017)

Wendt, Alexander. “Anarchy Is What States Make of It: the Social Construction of Power Politics.” International Organization, Vol. 46, No. 2 (Spring, 1992), pp. 391-425.

“Western troops join Russia's Victory Day parade.” CNN. 10 May 2010. http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/europe/05/09/russia.parade/index.html.00 76adc9210f19_story.html?tid=a_inl&utm_term=.f60c0ff47e00. (Accessed 3 March 2017)

White, Bruce A. “Richard M. Weaver: Dialectic Rhetorician.” Modern Age, 26 (1982), 256-259.

Will, George. “Russia and Ukraine Share a Brutal History.” The Washington Post. 17 March 2014. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/george-will-russia-and- ukraine-share-a-brutal-history/2014/03/17/da3ab7e0-ae00-11e3-a49e- (Accessed 17 March 2017)

Williams, Michael C, Words, Images, Enemies, Securitization and International Politics, International Studies Quarterly 2003(47). 512.

Williams, Michael C. “Words, Images, Enemies: Securitization and International Politics.” International Studies Quarterly (2003) 47, 511–531.
Preliminary scope of work
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá analýzou diskurzu, jak USA vnímá Rusko v historické i současné době. Pomocí jazykových výrazů sekuritizace, teorie založené Kodaňskou školou sekuritizace, můžeme v diskurzu vypozorovat společenský a politický rozvoj Ruska vnímaný jako hrozbu USA. Výsledkem této práce je ukázka konsistentních jazykových prostředků v projevu USA od 18. století až po krymskou krizi. Mezi tyto jazykové prostředky se také řadí tzv. specifická skupina výrazů, které političtí činitelé používají podle svého uvážení a dle povahy situace. Kromě sekuritizace se tato práce zaměřuje na tzv. opětovnou sekuritizaci, kdy desekuritizovaný předmět se znovu sekurizuje pomocí jazykových výrazů, které u veřejnosti vzbudí žádoucí pohled na desekuritizovaný objekt.
Preliminary scope of work in English
This thesis presents a discourse analysis of American perceptions of Russia in their historical and contemporary context. Through the linguistic construction of security offered by the Copenhagen School of Securitization, we can trace the socio-political development of Russia as the threatening other in the American discourse. This thesis has demonstrated the consistency of linguistic devices in the American Russia discourse from the 18th century to the Crimean Crisis, and has identified specific linguistic packages which securitizing actors unpack according to their preferences and goals in a given situation. This thesis also demonstrates that the resecuritization of a previously desecuritized object may occur through the use of preexisting discursive devices that play on existing elements of the national consciousness.
 
Charles University | Information system of Charles University | http://www.cuni.cz/UKEN-329.html